Incident: Data Breach at Orbitz Exposes 880,000 Payment Cards and Personal Information

Published Date: 2018-03-20

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident at Orbitz happened between October and December of the previous year [69287]. Estimation: Step 1: The article mentions that the incident was discovered in March of the current year and involved information accessed between October and December of the previous year. Step 2: The article was published on 2018-03-20. Step 3: The incident likely occurred between October and December of 2017.
System The system that failed in the software failure incident reported in Article 69287 was the older travel booking platform used by Orbitz. [69287]
Responsible Organization 1. The possible security breach on the travel booking site Orbitz was caused by an attacker who accessed the older travel booking platform, potentially exposing information tied to about 880,000 payment cards [69287].
Impacted Organization 1. Customers of Orbitz - Around 880,000 payment cards were affected, and personal information such as full names, birth dates, phone numbers, email addresses, and billing addresses may have been accessed [69287].
Software Causes 1. The software cause of the failure incident at Orbitz was a possible security breach on an older travel booking platform, leading to unauthorized access to customer information [69287].
Non-software Causes 1. The security breach at Orbitz was caused by a possible security breach in an older travel booking platform, allowing unauthorized access to customer information [69287].
Impacts 1. Personal information of around 880,000 payment cards holders was exposed, including full names, birth dates, phone numbers, email addresses, and billing addresses [69287].
Preventions 1. Implementing regular security audits and penetration testing to identify vulnerabilities before attackers can exploit them [69287]. 2. Keeping software and systems up to date with the latest security patches and updates to prevent known vulnerabilities from being exploited [69287]. 3. Utilizing multi-factor authentication for accessing sensitive information to add an extra layer of security against unauthorized access [69287].
Fixes 1. Conducting a thorough security audit and update of the older travel booking platform to address any vulnerabilities that may have been exploited by the attacker [69287]. 2. Implementing stronger access controls and monitoring mechanisms to prevent unauthorized access to sensitive information in the future [69287]. 3. Enhancing data encryption protocols to protect payment card information and personal data from being accessed in plaintext format [69287].
References 1. Orbitz statement [69287]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring one_organization, multiple_organization (a) The software failure incident having happened again at one_organization: Orbitz, the travel booking site, experienced a possible security breach in which around 880,000 payment cards were affected. This incident was discovered in March 2018. The article mentions that last year, there were significant cybersecurity breaches, including Equifax reporting a data leak and Yahoo stating that all 3 billion of its accounts were affected in a 2013 incident. This indicates that Orbitz has faced a similar incident of a security breach in its system [69287]. (b) The software failure incident having happened again at multiple_organization: The article mentions that last year was marked by significant cybersecurity breaches, with Equifax reporting a data leak affecting around half the US population and Yahoo revealing that all 3 billion of its accounts were impacted in a 2013 incident. This suggests that cybersecurity breaches have occurred at multiple organizations, including Equifax and Yahoo, indicating a recurring issue in the industry [69287].
Phase (Design/Operation) design, operation (a) The software failure incident related to the design phase: The incident at Orbitz involving a possible security breach affecting around 880,000 payment cards was attributed to an older travel booking platform where information may have been accessed between October and December of the previous year. This indicates a failure due to contributing factors introduced by system development or updates [69287]. (b) The software failure incident related to the operation phase: The incident at Orbitz was discovered on March 1 and involved unauthorized access to the platform, leading to potential exposure of personal information tied to payment cards. This aspect of the incident points towards a failure due to contributing factors introduced by the operation or misuse of the system [69287].
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system (a) within_system: The software failure incident at Orbitz was due to a possible security breach on their older travel booking platform, where information may have been accessed between October and December of the previous year [69287]. This indicates that the failure originated from within the system itself, highlighting a vulnerability in their platform that allowed unauthorized access to sensitive information.
Nature (Human/Non-human) human_actions (a) The software failure incident at Orbitz was not directly attributed to non-human actions. The incident was described as a possible security breach where an attacker may have accessed information on an older travel booking platform, affecting around 880,000 payment cards. The breach involved personal information such as customers' full names, birth dates, phone numbers, email addresses, and billing addresses. Orbitz took swift action to eliminate and prevent unauthorized access to the platform once the breach was discovered [69287]. (b) The software failure incident at Orbitz was primarily attributed to human actions, specifically the actions of an attacker who potentially accessed the information on the travel booking platform. The breach was not a result of non-human actions but rather a security incident where personal data was compromised due to unauthorized access by an external party [69287].
Dimension (Hardware/Software) software (a) The software failure incident reported in Article 69287 was not due to hardware issues but rather a possible security breach that exposed information tied to about 880,000 payment cards. The incident involved an older travel booking platform where information may have been accessed between October and December of the previous year. The breach was related to unauthorized access to the platform, indicating a software-related failure rather than a hardware issue [69287].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) malicious (a) The software failure incident reported in Article 69287 was malicious. The incident involved a possible security breach on Orbitz's older travel booking platform, where an attacker may have accessed information tied to about 880,000 payment cards. Personal information such as customers' full names, birth dates, phone numbers, email addresses, and billing addresses may have been compromised. The breach was discovered by the company on March 1 and was believed to have occurred between October and December of the previous year. Orbitz took swift action to eliminate and prevent unauthorized access to the platform once evidence of the breach was found. This indicates that the failure was due to contributing factors introduced by a malicious actor with the intent to harm the system [69287].
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) unknown (a) The software failure incident at Orbitz was not due to poor decisions but rather a security breach that may have exposed information tied to about 880,000 payment cards. The incident was discovered in an older travel booking platform where information may have been accessed between October and December of the previous year [69287]. (b) The incident at Orbitz was not due to accidental decisions but rather a potential security breach that allowed an attacker to access personal information such as customers' full names, birth dates, phone numbers, email addresses, and billing addresses. The company took swift action to eliminate and prevent unauthorized access to the platform once evidence of the breach was found [69287].
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) accidental (a) The software failure incident related to development incompetence is not explicitly mentioned in the provided article. Therefore, it is unknown if the incident was due to factors introduced by lack of professional competence. (b) The software failure incident related to accidental factors is evident in the article. Orbitz reported a possible security breach that may have exposed information tied to about 880,000 payment cards. The incident was discovered on March 1 and involved an older travel booking platform where information may have been accessed between October and December of the previous year. The company stated that it doesn't have "direct evidence" the information was taken from the site, indicating that the breach was accidental in nature [69287].
Duration temporary The software failure incident reported in Article #69287 was temporary. The incident involved a possible security breach on an older travel booking platform where information may have been accessed between October and December of the previous year. The company took swift action to eliminate and prevent unauthorized access to the platform once evidence of the breach was found, indicating that the failure was due to contributing factors introduced by certain circumstances but not all [69287].
Behaviour other (a) crash: The software failure incident in the article does not involve a crash where the system loses state and does not perform any of its intended functions. The incident is related to a possible security breach that exposed information tied to about 880,000 payment cards on Orbitz's older travel booking platform [69287]. (b) omission: The incident does not involve a failure due to the system omitting to perform its intended functions at an instance(s). Instead, it is related to a security breach where personal information such as customers' full names, birth dates, phone numbers, email addresses, and billing addresses may have been accessed [69287]. (c) timing: The failure is not due to the system performing its intended functions correctly but too late or too early. The incident is primarily focused on a possible security breach that occurred between October and December of the previous year, affecting around 880,000 payment cards [69287]. (d) value: The software failure incident is not related to the system performing its intended functions incorrectly. It is centered around a security breach that may have exposed sensitive personal information of customers using the travel booking platform [69287]. (e) byzantine: The incident does not involve the system behaving erroneously with inconsistent responses and interactions. It is primarily about a potential security breach on Orbitz's older travel booking platform, leading to the exposure of personal information tied to payment cards [69287]. (f) other: The behavior of the software failure incident in the article is related to a security breach that potentially compromised the personal information of customers, including payment card details, full names, birth dates, phone numbers, email addresses, and billing addresses. The incident prompted Orbitz to take swift action to address the breach and ensure the safety and security of customer data [69287].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception None None
Communication None None
Application None None

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence property, theoretical_consequence (d) property: People's material goods, money, or data was impacted due to the software failure The software failure incident at Orbitz resulted in the exposure of information tied to about 880,000 payment cards. Personal information such as customers' full names, birth dates, phone numbers, email addresses, and billing addresses may have been accessed by the attacker. The incident potentially affected purchases made between January 2016 and December 2017. Orbitz mentioned that it doesn't have direct evidence that the information was taken from the site, but the exposure of such sensitive data could lead to financial losses and identity theft for the individuals affected [69287].
Domain information (a) The failed system in the incident reported in Article 69287 was related to the industry of information. The software failure incident involved a travel booking platform of Orbitz, a travel booking site, where information tied to about 880,000 payment cards was exposed due to a possible security breach [69287].

Sources

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