Incident: Data Breach at Chili's Exposes Customer Credit Card Information

Published Date: 2018-05-14

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident at Chili's, where a data breach exposed credit card and debit card information, occurred between March and April 2018 [71313].
System 1. Malware used to gather credit card and debit card information from pay stations for in-restaurant purchases at Chili's restaurants [71313].
Responsible Organization 1. Malware - The software failure incident at Chili's, which led to a data breach exposing credit card and debit card information, was caused by malware that was used to gather the sensitive data [71313].
Impacted Organization 1. Customers who recently dined at Chili's restaurants [71313]
Software Causes 1. Malware was used to gather credit card and debit card information from pay stations for in-restaurant purchases, indicating a software vulnerability exploited by the attackers [71313].
Non-software Causes 1. Malware used to gather credit card and debit card information from pay stations for in-restaurant purchases [71313].
Impacts 1. Customer credit card and debit card information, including names and card numbers, were possibly exposed, putting customers at risk of fraud and unauthorized charges [71313].
Preventions 1. Implementing robust cybersecurity measures such as encryption and tokenization to protect sensitive customer data [71313]. 2. Regularly updating and patching software systems to address vulnerabilities that could be exploited by malware [71313]. 3. Conducting thorough security audits and penetration testing to identify and address potential weaknesses in the system [71313].
Fixes 1. Implementing enhanced cybersecurity measures to prevent malware attacks on pay stations [71313] 2. Conducting a thorough security audit of the payment systems to identify vulnerabilities and patch them [71313] 3. Enhancing monitoring systems to detect any unusual activity on the payment systems in real-time [71313]
References 1. Chili's official statement [71313]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring unknown (a) The article does not mention any previous incidents of a similar software failure happening again at Chili's or with its products and services. Therefore, there is no information available to suggest that this specific software failure incident has occurred before at the same organization [71313]. (b) The article does not provide information about similar incidents happening at other organizations or with their products and services. Hence, there is no indication of this specific software failure incident occurring elsewhere in the industry [71313].
Phase (Design/Operation) design, operation (a) The software failure incident at Chili's appears to be related to the design phase. The breach was caused by malware that was used to gather credit card and debit card information from pay stations for in-restaurant purchases. This indicates that the contributing factors were introduced by the system development or procedures to operate the system [71313]. (b) Additionally, the incident could also be related to the operation phase as there was a mention of the breach possibly being due to the operation or misuse of the system. Customers were advised to monitor their card or bank statements for suspicious activity, suggesting that the operation or use of the system may have played a role in the failure [71313].
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system, outside_system (a) within_system: The software failure incident at Chili's, where credit card and debit card information was exposed in a data breach, was likely due to malware that was used to gather this sensitive information from pay stations for in-restaurant purchases. The breach occurred between March and April 2018, indicating that the failure originated from within the system's infrastructure [71313]. (b) outside_system: While the specific details about the external factors contributing to the data breach are not provided in the article, it is clear that the breach itself was a result of external malicious activity targeting the system. The breach was not caused by internal factors such as collecting personal information like Social Security numbers, state or federal IDs, or birthdates, which were not exposed. The incident highlights the vulnerability of the system to external threats [71313].
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions (a) The software failure incident at Chili's was attributed to malware, which is a non-human action. The malware was used to gather credit card and debit card information from pay stations for in-restaurant purchases, potentially exposing customer data [71313]. (b) The article does not provide specific information about any human actions contributing to the software failure incident at Chili's.
Dimension (Hardware/Software) software (a) The software failure incident at Chili's, which led to a data breach exposing credit card and debit card information, was not explicitly attributed to hardware issues. The breach was believed to have occurred due to malware that was used to gather payment information from pay stations for in-restaurant purchases. The article did not mention any hardware-related contributing factors to the incident [71313]. (b) The software failure incident at Chili's was primarily attributed to software-related factors. The breach was believed to have been caused by malware that was used to collect credit card and debit card information from pay stations for in-restaurant purchases. This indicates a software vulnerability that allowed the malware to gather sensitive customer data. The article did not mention any specific software flaws or errors that led to the incident [71313].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) malicious (a) The software failure incident at Chili's was malicious in nature. The breach was caused by malware that was used to gather credit card and debit card information from pay stations for in-restaurant purchases, indicating that the incident was a result of factors introduced by humans with the intent to harm the system [71313].
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) poor_decisions, accidental_decisions (a) The software failure incident at Chili's, which resulted in a data breach exposing credit card and debit card information, can be attributed to poor decisions. The incident was caused by malware that was used to gather sensitive payment information from pay stations for in-restaurant purchases. This indicates a lack of proper security measures or protocols in place to prevent such breaches, reflecting poor decisions made in the implementation and maintenance of the software systems [71313]. (b) Additionally, the lack of specific details provided by Chili's regarding the extent of the breach, the number of affected individuals, and the affected locations suggests a level of accidental decisions or oversights in handling the aftermath of the incident. The company's recommendation for customers to monitor their statements for suspicious activity or put out fraud alerts indicates a reactive approach rather than a proactive one, potentially stemming from unintended decisions or lack of preparedness in responding to such incidents [71313].
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) accidental (a) The software failure incident related to development incompetence is not explicitly mentioned in the provided article. Therefore, it is unknown if the failure was due to contributing factors introduced due to lack of professional competence by humans or the development organization. (b) The software failure incident related to accidental factors is evident in the article. Chili's revealed that it suffered a data breach, possibly exposing credit card and debit card information for customers who recently dined at its restaurants. The breach was believed to have occurred between March and April 2018, indicating that it was an accidental incident rather than intentional. The use of malware to gather credit card and debit card information suggests an accidental introduction of contributing factors leading to the failure [71313].
Duration temporary The software failure incident at Chili's, which led to a data breach exposing credit card and debit card information, can be categorized as a temporary failure. The breach occurred between March and April 2018, indicating a specific timeframe for the incident [71313]. Additionally, Chili's is actively investigating the incident to gather more information, suggesting that the failure is not permanent but rather a temporary issue that can be addressed and potentially prevented in the future.
Behaviour crash, value, other (a) crash: The software failure incident at Chili's can be categorized as a crash. The incident involved a data breach where malware was used to gather credit card and debit card information from pay stations for in-restaurant purchases. This resulted in the system losing its state and not performing its intended function of securely processing payment information, leading to a breach [71313]. (b) omission: There is no specific mention of the software failure incident at Chili's being related to omission in the provided article. (c) timing: The software failure incident at Chili's is not related to timing issues as the breach itself was not about the system performing its intended functions too late or too early. (d) value: The software failure incident at Chili's can be associated with a failure in terms of value. The breach led to the system performing its intended function of processing payment information incorrectly by exposing credit card and debit card details of customers, compromising their financial security [71313]. (e) byzantine: The software failure incident at Chili's does not exhibit characteristics of a byzantine failure where the system behaves erroneously with inconsistent responses and interactions. (f) other: The software failure incident at Chili's can be further described as a security breach resulting in unauthorized access to sensitive customer data, specifically credit card and debit card information. This unauthorized access can be considered as a form of "other" behavior in the context of software failure incidents [71313].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception None None
Communication None None
Application None None

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence property (d) property: People's material goods, money, or data was impacted due to the software failure The software failure incident at Chili's resulted in a data breach that exposed credit card and debit card information of customers who dined at its restaurants. The breach involved the gathering of credit card and debit card info, including names and card numbers, from pay stations for in-restaurant purchases. Chili's recommended customers to monitor their card or bank statements for suspicious activity, indicating a direct impact on people's financial data and potentially their money [71313].
Domain information, sales, finance, unknown (a) The failed system at Chili's, which suffered a data breach, was related to the industry of information as it involved the production and distribution of customer credit card and debit card information [71313]. (b) Not mentioned in the article. (c) Not mentioned in the article. (d) The incident at Chili's is related to the sales industry as it involved the potential exposure of credit card and debit card information used for in-restaurant purchases [71313]. (e) Not mentioned in the article. (f) Not mentioned in the article. (g) Not mentioned in the article. (h) The software failure incident at Chili's is related to the finance industry as it involved the potential exposure of customer credit card and debit card information, which are used for financial transactions [71313]. (i) Not mentioned in the article. (j) Not mentioned in the article. (k) Not mentioned in the article. (l) Not mentioned in the article. (m) Not mentioned in the article.

Sources

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