Incident: Lime Scooter Technical Glitch Causes Sudden Braking Injuries.

Published Date: 2019-02-20

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident with Lime scooters causing sudden braking at high speed happened in October last year as per the article [80934]. 2. Published on 2019-02-20 08:00:00+00:00. 3. The software failure incident with Lime scooters occurred in October 2018.
System 1. Lime e-scooter software causing sudden braking at high speed [80934]
Responsible Organization 1. Lime company [80934]
Impacted Organization 1. Riders in New Zealand, particularly in Auckland, were impacted by the software failure incident involving Lime scooters [80934].
Software Causes 1. Malfunction in the software causing the wheels to seize up when ridden at high speeds [80934]
Non-software Causes 1. Unexpected braking issues causing injuries and accidents due to a malfunction in the scooters' wheels at high speeds [80934].
Impacts 1. The software failure incident in Lime scooters caused more than 1,200 injury claims since October last year, costing the public $566,405 in New Zealand [80934]. 2. The majority of the injuries, 656, occurred in Auckland, with riders suffering serious injuries like broken collarbones and jaws due to the unexpected braking glitch [80934]. 3. Concerns were raised about the speed of the scooters, reaching up to 48km/h, and the increasing number of accidents resulting from the software or mechanical failure [80934].
Preventions 1. Implementing thorough software testing procedures before deploying the scooters on the streets could have potentially prevented the software failure incident [80934]. 2. Conducting regular software maintenance and updates to address any potential glitches or bugs that may arise over time could have helped prevent the sudden braking issue [80934]. 3. Collaborating with regulatory authorities and safety organizations to ensure that the software controlling the scooters meets safety standards and regulations could have preemptively addressed the technical glitch causing the scooters to brake suddenly at high speed [80934].
Fixes 1. Conduct a thorough investigation into the software and mechanical components of the Lime scooters to identify and address the root cause of the unexpected braking issue [80934]. 2. Implement software updates or patches to fix the malfunction causing the wheels to seize up at high speeds [80934]. 3. Ensure rigorous testing procedures are in place for new software releases to prevent similar glitches from occurring in the future [80934].
References 1. Auckland Transport chairman Lester Levy [80934] 2. Accident Compensation Authority (ACC) [80934] 3. Lime (company) [80934]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring one_organization (a) The software failure incident having happened again at one_organization: The article mentions that Lime had a similar problem with their fleet in Switzerland, where the wheels of the scooters could seize up when ridden at high speeds, leading to a withdrawal of the entire fleet [80934]. (b) The software failure incident having happened again at multiple_organization: There is no specific mention in the article about the software failure incident happening at multiple organizations.
Phase (Design/Operation) design, operation (a) The software failure incident related to the design phase can be attributed to a technical glitch causing Lime scooters to brake suddenly at high speed. This glitch has led to serious injuries such as broken collarbones and jaws among riders [80934]. (b) The software failure incident related to the operation phase is evident in the malfunction that causes Lime scooter wheels to seize up when ridden at high speeds. This operational issue poses a significant safety risk to riders and has resulted in the removal of affected scooters from circulation [80934].
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system (a) within_system: The software failure incident related to Lime scooters braking suddenly at high speed is attributed to a technical glitch within the system. The article mentions that Lime admitted some of their scooters suffer from a malfunction causing the wheels to seize up when ridden at high speeds, indicating an internal software or mechanical issue [80934].
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions (a) The software failure incident in this case is related to non-human actions. The technical glitch causing the Lime scooters to brake suddenly at high speed is attributed to a malfunction in the scooters themselves, specifically a malfunction that can cause the wheels to seize up when ridden at high speeds. Lime admitted that some of their scooters suffer from this malfunction, which is a non-human factor contributing to the software failure incident [80934].
Dimension (Hardware/Software) hardware, software (a) The software failure incident occurring due to hardware: - The article mentions a technical glitch causing scooters to brake suddenly at high speed, leading to injuries such as broken collarbones and jaws [80934]. - Some scooters suffer from a malfunction that can cause the wheels to seize up when ridden at high speeds, indicating a hardware-related issue [80934]. (b) The software failure incident occurring due to software: - The article mentions that the glitch causing sudden braking could be related to equipment, either software or mechanical failure, raising concerns about software issues contributing to the incidents [80934]. - Lime admitted that some of their scooters suffer from a malfunction that can cause the wheels to seize up when ridden at high speeds, suggesting a software-related issue [80934].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) non-malicious From the provided article [80934], the software failure incident related to Lime scooters experiencing a technical glitch causing sudden braking at high speeds appears to fall under the category of non-malicious software failure. The article mentions that Lime admitted some of their scooters suffer from a malfunction that can cause the wheels to seize up when ridden at high speeds. This issue was also reported in Lime's fleet in Switzerland, indicating a non-malicious technical problem rather than a deliberate act to harm the system.
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) poor_decisions (a) The software failure incident related to Lime scooters in New Zealand appears to be more aligned with poor_decisions. The incident was caused by a technical glitch in the scooters' software that led to sudden braking at high speeds, resulting in numerous injuries to riders. The chairman of Auckland Transport expressed serious safety concerns, indicating that the safety issues were not just related to user behavior but also potentially to equipment failure, either software or mechanical. Lime admitted that some of their scooters suffered from a malfunction that caused the wheels to seize up when ridden at high speeds, similar to a previous incident in Switzerland that led to the withdrawal of the entire fleet. The company's response to the safety concerns and the lack of transparency regarding the number of affected scooters and fleet size suggest a failure stemming from poor decisions in ensuring the safety and reliability of their software and equipment [80934].
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) development_incompetence, accidental (a) The software failure incident related to development incompetence is evident in the article as the head of transport in New Zealand's largest city threatened to pull every Lime scooter off the footpaths if the company did not address a technical glitch causing scooters to brake suddenly at high speed. This glitch has led to serious injuries, including broken collarbones and jaws, among riders [80934]. (b) The software failure incident related to accidental factors is seen in Lime admitting that some of their scooters suffer from a malfunction that can cause the wheels to seize up when ridden at high speeds. This issue was not intentional but occurred accidentally, leading to safety concerns and the need for immediate action to address the problem [80934].
Duration temporary The software failure incident related to Lime scooters in New Zealand can be categorized as a temporary failure. The glitch causing the scooters to brake suddenly at high speed is a specific issue introduced by certain circumstances, such as a malfunction in some of the scooters. Lime has acknowledged this malfunction and has taken action by removing the affected scooters from circulation [80934].
Behaviour crash, value, other (a) crash: The article mentions a technical glitch causing Lime scooters to brake suddenly at high speed, leading to serious injuries such as broken collarbones and jaws [80934]. (b) omission: The article does not specifically mention any instances of the system omitting to perform its intended functions. (c) timing: The article does not mention any issues related to the system performing its intended functions too late or too early. (d) value: The article mentions a malfunction in some Lime scooters causing the wheels to seize up when ridden at high speeds, leading to unexpected braking issues and accidents [80934]. (e) byzantine: The article does not describe any inconsistent responses or interactions related to the software failure incident. (f) other: The other behavior in this case would be a sudden braking issue at high speed, which is not explicitly categorized in the options provided.

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception None None
Communication None None
Application None None

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence harm, theoretical_consequence, unknown (a) unknown (b) The software failure incident with Lime scooters in New Zealand caused physical harm to riders, resulting in serious injuries such as broken collarbones and jaws [80934]. (c) unknown (d) unknown (e) unknown (f) unknown (g) unknown (h) The potential consequence of the software failure incident with Lime scooters in New Zealand was the threat of pulling all Lime scooters off the footpaths if the company did not address the technical glitch causing sudden braking at high speeds [80934]. (i) unknown
Domain transportation (a) The failed system in this incident is related to the transportation industry. Lime e-scooters were introduced in New Zealand cities for public use, but a technical glitch causing sudden braking at high speeds led to serious injuries and safety concerns [80934].

Sources

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