Incident: Kia's 2019 Optima Recall Due to Forward Collision Warning Software Bug

Published Date: 2019-07-31

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident with Kia's forward collision warning system happened in May 2019 as mentioned in Article 87394.
System 1. Kia's forward collision warning system with automatic emergency braking in the 2019 Kia Optima sedan [87394].
Responsible Organization 1. Kia's supplier identified a software error that might have been installed on Kia's 2019 Optimas [87394].
Impacted Organization 1. Customers who own the 2019 Kia Optima sedan were impacted by the software failure incident as Kia issued a recall affecting 11,423 vehicles due to a software error in the forward collision warning system and automatic emergency braking [Article 87394].
Software Causes 1. The software error in the forward collision warning system of the 2019 Kia Optima sedan caused the vehicle to ignore a stationary vehicle instead of warning the driver and engaging the car's brakes [87394].
Non-software Causes 1. The issue with the forward collision warning system and automatic emergency braking in the 2019 Kia Optima sedan was caused by a software error that might cause the vehicle to ignore a stationary vehicle instead of warning the driver and engaging the car's brakes [87394].
Impacts 1. The software failure incident in Kia's 2019 Optima sedan impacted 11,423 vehicles that were recalled due to a software error in the forward collision warning system, potentially causing the vehicle to ignore a stationary vehicle instead of warning the driver and engaging the brakes [Article 87394].
Preventions 1. Implementing thorough software testing procedures during the development phase to catch potential bugs before the vehicles are released to the market [87394]. 2. Conducting regular software audits and checks to identify any errors or anomalies that may have been introduced during the manufacturing process [87394]. 3. Implementing a robust software update mechanism that allows for quick deployment of patches to address any identified software issues promptly [87394].
Fixes 1. Applying a software patch to the affected vehicles to ensure proper functionality of the autobrake system [87394].
References 1. Kia's official statement 2. Kia's supplier 3. Recall notification details 4. Details about the software error investigation and analysis conducted by Kia 5. Information about the affected vehicles and the specific software error 6. Details about the remedy and software patch application process

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring unknown (a) The software failure incident related to the forward collision warning system and automatic emergency braking in Kia vehicles is specific to Kia. There is no mention in the article of a similar incident happening again within the same organization. (b) The article does not mention any similar incident happening at other organizations or with their products and services.
Phase (Design/Operation) design (a) The software failure incident in the Kia recall article can be attributed to the design phase. The issue with the forward collision warning system and automatic emergency braking was identified as a software error introduced during the development phase. Kia's supplier discovered the software error on May 20, leading to a thorough investigation and analysis by Kia over the next 10 days. The error was then confirmed through duplication testing before the decision was made to conduct a recall [Article 87394]. (b) The software failure incident does not seem to be related to the operation phase or misuse of the system. The article does not mention any misuse or operational errors leading to the software issue. Instead, it focuses on a software error identified during the development phase, which necessitated a recall to address the potential problem in the forward collision warning system and automatic emergency braking of the affected Kia vehicles.
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system (a) The software failure incident related to the Kia recall for the 2019 Kia Optima sedan was within the system. The issue stemmed from a software error in Kia's forward collision warning system, which includes automatic emergency braking. The error caused the vehicle to ignore a stationary vehicle instead of warning the driver and engaging the car's brakes [87394]. The defect was entirely software-based, leading to the need for a software patch to ensure proper functionality of the autobrake system [87394].
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions (a) The software failure incident in the Kia recall was due to a non-human action, specifically a software error identified by Kia's supplier [Article 87394]. (b) The software failure incident was not attributed to human actions in the articles provided.
Dimension (Hardware/Software) software (a) The software failure incident in the article is related to a software error in Kia's forward collision warning system, which includes automatic emergency braking. The issue was identified by Kia's supplier as a software error that might have been installed on Kia's 2019 Optimas. The error caused the vehicle to ignore a stationary vehicle instead of warning the driver and engaging the car's brakes. The remedy for this issue involved applying a software patch to the vehicles to ensure proper functionality of the autobrake system, indicating that the failure originated in the software component of the system [87394].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) non-malicious (a) The software failure incident related to the Kia recall for the 2019 Optima sedan was non-malicious. The issue stemmed from a software error in Kia's forward collision warning system, which could cause the vehicle to ignore a stationary vehicle instead of warning the driver and engaging the brakes. Kia's supplier identified the software error, leading to a recall to address the issue. There were no reports of complaints, warranty claims, or accidents related to the problem, indicating that the failure was not malicious but rather a software bug [Article 87394].
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) accidental_decisions (a) The software failure incident related to the Kia recall for the 2019 Kia Optima sedan was not due to poor decisions but rather an accidental error in the software. The article mentions that the issue with the forward collision warning system and automatic emergency braking was caused by a software error that was identified by Kia's supplier, leading to the recall. There is no indication of poor decisions contributing to the software failure incident [87394].
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) accidental (a) The software failure incident in the article is not attributed to development incompetence. Instead, it is described as a software error that was identified by Kia's supplier and subsequently investigated by Kia. The issue with the forward collision warning system and automatic emergency braking was due to a software error that caused the vehicle to ignore a stationary vehicle instead of warning the driver and engaging the brakes [Article 87394]. (b) The software failure incident in the article is categorized as accidental. The software error that led to the issue with the forward collision warning system and automatic emergency braking was not intentional but was identified by Kia's supplier, leading to a recall for affected vehicles [Article 87394].
Duration temporary (a) The software failure incident in the article is temporary. The issue with Kia's forward collision warning system, caused by a software error, led to the recall of 11,423 2019 Kia Optima sedans. The error was identified by Kia's supplier on May 20, and after investigation and testing, Kia decided to conduct a recall. The remedy involved applying a software patch to the affected vehicles to ensure proper functionality of the autobrake system. The software patch had already been applied to 2019 Optimas at the factory since May 30, indicating that the issue was addressed and resolved within a specific timeframe [87394].
Behaviour omission, value, other (a) crash: The software failure incident in the article is not described as a crash where the system loses state and does not perform any of its intended functions [87394]. (b) omission: The software failure incident in the article is related to the system omitting to perform its intended functions at an instance(s). Specifically, the forward collision warning system might ignore a stationary vehicle instead of warning the driver and engaging the car's brakes as intended [87394]. (c) timing: The software failure incident in the article is not related to timing issues where the system performs its intended functions correctly but too late or too early [87394]. (d) value: The software failure incident in the article is related to the system performing its intended functions incorrectly. The software error causes the vehicle to ignore a stationary vehicle instead of warning the driver and engaging the car's brakes as intended [87394]. (e) byzantine: The software failure incident in the article is not related to a byzantine behavior where the system behaves erroneously with inconsistent responses and interactions [87394]. (f) other: The behavior of the software failure incident in the article is related to the system performing its intended functions incorrectly, specifically omitting to warn the driver and engage the car's brakes when encountering a stationary vehicle [87394].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception None None
Communication None None
Application None None

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence no_consequence (a) death: People lost their lives due to the software failure (b) harm: People were physically harmed due to the software failure (c) basic: People's access to food or shelter was impacted because of the software failure (d) property: People's material goods, money, or data was impacted due to the software failure (e) delay: People had to postpone an activity due to the software failure (f) non-human: Non-human entities were impacted due to the software failure (g) no_consequence: There were no real observed consequences of the software failure (h) theoretical_consequence: There were potential consequences discussed of the software failure that did not occur (i) other: Was there consequence(s) of the software failure not described in the (a to h) options? What is the other consequence(s)? The consequence of the software failure incident in the reported article is that there were no observed consequences of the software failure. The article mentions that Kia has no record of complaints, warranty claims, or accidents related to the problem, indicating that there were no reported incidents of harm, death, property damage, or other consequences resulting from the software error [87394].
Domain transportation (a) The failed system in this incident was related to the transportation industry. The software failure incident involved Kia's forward collision warning system and automatic emergency braking in the 2019 Kia Optima sedan, which are crucial safety features in vehicles designed to enhance driver awareness and prevent accidents on the road [Article 87394].

Sources

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