Incident: Disney+ Accounts Hacked and Sold on Dark Web, Impacting Customers

Published Date: 2019-11-19

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident of Disney+ accounts being hacked and put up for sale on the dark web happened on the first day the service launched, which was on 12 November [92118]. Therefore, the software failure incident occurred in November 2019.
System The system that failed in the software failure incident reported in Article 92118 is: 1. Disney+ online streaming service [92118]: The platform experienced a security breach where thousands of customer accounts were hacked and put up for sale on the dark web. Customers reported being locked out of their accounts, facing technical problems, and having their login details stolen.
Responsible Organization 1. Hackers who stole thousands of Disney+ customer accounts and put them up for sale on the dark web [92118]. 2. Users who potentially reused login details stolen from elsewhere, making their accounts vulnerable to hacking [92118].
Impacted Organization 1. Disney customers [92118] 2. Disney's online streaming service Disney+ [92118]
Software Causes 1. The software failure incident was caused by hackers stealing thousands of Disney+ customer accounts and putting them up for sale on the dark web [92118]. 2. The incident involved potential spyware on users' devices or the re-use of login details stolen from elsewhere, indicating a security breach through means other than Disney's systems [92118]. 3. Lack of two-factor authentication on the Disney+ platform was also a contributing factor to the security breach, making it easier for hackers to access accounts [92118].
Non-software Causes 1. Users' details were stolen by other means, possibly involving spyware on users' devices or the re-use of login details stolen from elsewhere [92118]. 2. Many users had their passwords changed, indicating potential password reuse across different sites [92118]. 3. Lack of two-factor authentication on the Disney+ platform [92118].
Impacts 1. Thousands of Disney+ customer accounts were hacked and put up for sale on the dark web, with more than 4,000 customer accounts appearing in the search [92118]. 2. Customers reported technical problems, being locked out of their accounts, and facing long waits for customer service [92118]. 3. Some customers saw their emails and passwords changed, indicating unauthorized access to their accounts [92118]. 4. Concerns were raised about the potential for using compromised Disney+ logins to access other products and services provided by Disney, such as the Disney store and recreation parks [92118].
Preventions 1. Implementing two-factor authentication to enhance security and prevent unauthorized access [92118]. 2. Encouraging users to use unique passwords for different online services and promoting the use of password managers to simplify password management and enhance security [92118].
Fixes 1. Implementing two-factor authentication to enhance security and prevent unauthorized access [92118]. 2. Encouraging users to use unique passwords for different online services and promoting the use of password managers to simplify password management and enhance security [92118].
References 1. CyberInt lead researcher Jason Hill [92118] 2. Zdnet investigation [92118]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring one_organization (a) The software failure incident having happened again at one_organization: - Disney+ experienced a software failure incident where thousands of customer accounts were hacked shortly after the service launched [92118]. - The incident involved attackers stealing customer accounts and selling them on the dark web, with customers reporting issues such as being locked out of their accounts and having their login details changed [92118]. - Disney+ faced technical problems on its first day live, leading to complaints on social media and long waits for customer service [92118]. (b) The software failure incident having happened again at multiple_organization: - The article does not provide specific information about similar incidents happening at other organizations or with their products and services.
Phase (Design/Operation) design, operation (a) The software failure incident related to the design phase can be seen in the Disney+ hacking incident. The incident involved attackers stealing thousands of customers' accounts and putting them up for sale on the dark web shortly after the launch of Disney+. This indicates a failure in the design or implementation of the security measures for the platform, allowing hackers to exploit vulnerabilities and compromise user accounts [92118]. (b) The software failure incident related to the operation phase is evident in the technical issues faced by users on the first day of Disney+ launch. Many customers complained about not being able to access the service, being locked out of their accounts, and facing long waits for customer service. This points to operational failures or issues in the system's functioning during the initial operation phase, leading to a poor user experience and service disruption [92118].
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system, outside_system (a) within_system: The software failure incident involving Disney+ being hacked and customer accounts being stolen appears to have occurred due to contributing factors that originated from within the system. The article mentions that attackers stole thousands of customer accounts from Disney+ and put them up for sale on the dark web [92118]. Additionally, the lack of two-factor authentication on the streaming service was highlighted as a potential vulnerability that could have contributed to the breach [92118]. The issue of customers having their emails and passwords changed without their consent also points to a failure within the system's security measures [92118]. (b) outside_system: On the other hand, the software failure incident may also have been influenced by contributing factors that originated from outside the system. The article suggests that the stolen customer details could have been obtained through spyware on users' devices or the reuse of login details stolen from elsewhere [92118]. This indicates that external factors such as compromised user devices or leaked login credentials from other platforms could have played a role in the breach.
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions, human_actions (a) The software failure incident occurring due to non-human actions: - The Disney+ accounts were hacked, and thousands of customer accounts were stolen and put up for sale on the dark web [92118]. - The statement from Disney indicated that there was no indication of a security breach on Disney+ itself, suggesting that members' details may have been stolen by other means such as spyware on users' devices or the reuse of login details stolen from elsewhere [92118]. - Hackers were able to sell Disney+ accounts for as little as $3 on the dark web shortly after the service launched, indicating a breach that was not directly related to Disney's systems being compromised [92118]. (b) The software failure incident occurring due to human actions: - Some customers reported being locked out of their accounts and not hearing back from Disney after contacting them, suggesting potential delays or lack of response from the company [92118]. - The lead researcher with CyberInt mentioned that many accounts were likely stolen because people use the same passwords for different sites, indicating a potential human factor in the security breach [92118]. - Concerns were raised about the lack of two-factor authentication on Disney+, which could have potentially mitigated the account theft issue, highlighting a human decision or oversight in the platform's security measures [92118].
Dimension (Hardware/Software) software (a) The software failure incident related to hardware: - The article does not mention any specific hardware-related issues contributing to the software failure incident reported [92118]. (b) The software failure incident related to software: - The software failure incident reported in the article is primarily due to security issues originating in software, such as stolen user accounts, passwords, and details being sold on the dark web [92118].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) malicious (a) The software failure incident reported in the articles is malicious in nature. Hackers targeted Disney+ accounts of thousands of customers shortly after the service launched, stealing their details and putting them up for sale on the dark web [92118]. The stolen accounts were being sold for as little as $3, indicating a clear malicious intent to profit from the compromised accounts. Additionally, the article mentions that hackers could have obtained the stolen login details through spyware on users' devices or by reusing login details stolen from elsewhere, further emphasizing the malicious nature of the incident.
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) poor_decisions (a) The software failure incident related to the Disney+ hack can be attributed to poor decisions made in terms of security measures and account protection. Despite Disney's claim that there was no security breach on Disney+, thousands of customer accounts were stolen and put up for sale on the dark web shortly after the service launched [92118]. This indicates a failure in implementing robust security measures to protect user data and accounts. Additionally, the lack of two-factor authentication on the platform was highlighted as a vulnerability that could have contributed to the ease with which hackers were able to access and sell user accounts [92118].
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) development_incompetence, accidental (a) The software failure incident related to development incompetence is evident in the Disney+ hacking incident. Thousands of Disney+ customer accounts were hacked shortly after the launch of the online streaming service. The attackers stole users' login details, leading to the compromised accounts being put up for sale on the dark web [92118]. This breach highlights a lack of professional competence in ensuring the security of user data and systems, as Disney claimed that its systems were not compromised, indicating a potential oversight or failure in implementing robust security measures. (b) The accidental aspect of the software failure incident is also notable in the Disney+ hacking incident. The report suggests that users' details may have been stolen through spyware on their devices or the reuse of login credentials stolen from other sources [92118]. This accidental exposure of user data highlights vulnerabilities that can arise unintentionally, such as users unknowingly using compromised passwords across multiple platforms, leading to their accounts being hacked.
Duration temporary The software failure incident related to the Disney+ hack can be categorized as a temporary failure. The incident involved hackers stealing thousands of customer accounts and putting them up for sale on the dark web shortly after the service launched [92118]. Customers reported being locked out of their accounts and facing technical problems, with some experiencing changes to their login credentials. Disney acknowledged the overwhelming response and technical issues on the first day of the service, indicating a temporary disruption in service [92118].
Behaviour crash, omission, value, other (a) crash: The Disney+ online streaming service experienced technical problems on its first day, with people facing issues such as being locked out of their accounts and having long waits for customer service. This could indicate a crash where the system lost its state and did not perform its intended functions properly [92118]. (b) omission: Customers reported being locked out of their accounts and having their emails and passwords changed without their authorization. This suggests an omission where the system failed to perform its intended functions of maintaining account security and access control [92118]. (c) timing: Some customers complained about technical problems and being unable to access the service on the first day of launch. This could point to a timing failure where the system performed its intended functions but at the wrong time, causing inconvenience to users [92118]. (d) value: Customers found that their accounts were hacked, with details stolen and put up for sale on the dark web. This indicates a value failure where the system performed its intended functions incorrectly by failing to protect user data and privacy [92118]. (e) byzantine: The incident involved hackers stealing thousands of customer accounts and selling them on the dark web, indicating a breach in the system's security. This behavior aligns with a byzantine failure where the system behaves erroneously with inconsistent responses and interactions, leading to unauthorized access and data theft [92118]. (f) other: The lack of two-factor authentication for Disney+ accounts was highlighted as a concern by cybersecurity experts. This could be considered as another type of failure where the system lacks a crucial security feature to prevent unauthorized access and protect user accounts [92118].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception None None
Communication None None
Application None None

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence property (d) property: People's material goods, money, or data was impacted due to the software failure The software failure incident involving Disney+ resulted in thousands of customers having their accounts hacked, with attackers stealing their details and putting them up for sale on the dark web [92118]. Customers reported seeing their emails and passwords changed, indicating a breach of their personal data [92118]. Additionally, the incident highlighted the risk of using the same passwords for different sites, as hackers could exploit this to gain unauthorized access to accounts [92118].
Domain entertainment (a) The software failure incident reported in the articles is related to the entertainment industry. Disney+ is an online streaming service launched by Disney as a competitor to Netflix, where fans can view movies, short films, and TV shows, including popular franchises like Marvel and Star Wars [92118]. The incident involved thousands of Disney+ customer accounts being hacked and put up for sale on the dark web, indicating a security breach in the entertainment platform [92118].

Sources

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