Incident: Security Glitch in Scottish Covid Vaccination Certificates Allows Editing

Published Date: 2021-05-22

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident of the security glitch affecting Covid vaccination certificates in Scotland happened before May 22, 2021, as the article reporting the incident was published on that date [114610].
System 1. Covid vaccination certificates system - Security flaw allowed for editing of vaccination status certificates [114610].
Responsible Organization 1. The Scottish government [114610]
Impacted Organization 1. Individuals in Scotland who downloaded Covid vaccination status certificates from the NHS Scotland Portal were impacted by the security glitch that allowed for the alteration of vaccination status details [114610].
Software Causes 1. The software cause of the failure incident was a security glitch in the Covid vaccination status certificates system in Scotland, allowing people to edit the vaccination status details using popular computer software programs [114610].
Non-software Causes 1. Lack of robust security measures in the initial Covid vaccination status certificates issued by the Scottish government [114610]. 2. Potential oversight in the design and implementation of the vaccination status forms, allowing for easy alteration using common computer software programs [114610]. 3. Concerns raised by public health officials and politicians regarding the safety and efficiency of the vaccination certification process [114610].
Impacts 1. The security glitch allowed individuals to edit Covid vaccination status certificates, potentially leading to false information being presented [114610]. 2. The incident raised concerns about the safety and efficiency of the Scottish government's vaccination certification program, impacting public trust in the system [114610]. 3. The glitch could result in individuals falsely claiming to be vaccinated for international travel, posing serious ramifications for public health and safety [114610]. 4. The incident highlighted the importance of robust and trustworthy systems for international travel, emphasizing the need for a quick resolution to the security flaw [114610].
Preventions 1. Implementing thorough security testing procedures during the development phase to identify and address vulnerabilities before deployment [114610]. 2. Conducting regular security audits and assessments to proactively identify and mitigate potential security flaws [114610]. 3. Utilizing encryption and access control mechanisms to safeguard sensitive data and prevent unauthorized modifications [114610]. 4. Implementing multi-factor authentication to enhance the security of systems and prevent unauthorized access to critical information [114610].
Fixes 1. Implementing digital Covid Status Certificates in the summer, which will include vaccination and testing data to be used for outbound international travel [114610].
References 1. Scottish government spokeswoman 2. Scottish Conservative health spokeswoman Annie Wells 3. Rory Boland, Editor of Which? Travel 4. UK government

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring unknown The article does not provide information about the software failure incident happening again at either the same organization or at multiple organizations. Therefore, the information about the recurrence of the incident is unknown.
Phase (Design/Operation) design (a) The software failure incident in Article 114610 is related to the design phase. The security glitch that allowed people to edit Covid vaccination status certificates was a result of a flaw in the system design. The glitch enabled individuals to alter vaccination status details using popular computer software programs, indicating a vulnerability introduced during the development of the system [114610].
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system (a) within_system: The software failure incident reported in the article is related to a security glitch within the system that allowed individuals to edit Covid vaccination status certificates. The glitch enabled people to alter vaccination status details using popular computer software programs [114610].
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions, human_actions (a) The software failure incident in the article was due to a security glitch that allowed people to edit Covid vaccination status certificates without human participation. This glitch enabled individuals to alter vaccination status details using popular computer software programs, indicating a failure caused by non-human actions [114610]. (b) The response to the security glitch, including efforts to rectify the issue and replace vaccination status records with digital Covid Status Certificates, involves human actions taken by the Scottish government to address the software failure incident [114610].
Dimension (Hardware/Software) software (a) The software failure incident in Article 114610 was not directly attributed to hardware issues. The incident was specifically related to a security glitch in the software used for Covid vaccination certificates, allowing individuals to edit their vaccination status details using popular computer software programs. The glitch enabled the alteration of vaccination status forms downloaded from the NHS Scotland Portal, indicating that the root cause of the failure was a software vulnerability rather than a hardware issue [114610].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) malicious (a) The software failure incident reported in Article 114610 is more aligned with a malicious objective. The incident involved a security glitch in the Covid vaccination certificates system in Scotland, which allowed individuals to edit their vaccination status certificates using popular computer software programs. This security flaw could potentially lead to individuals altering their vaccination status details, including adding false information such as names and addresses. The ability to manipulate vaccination certificates in this manner could have serious consequences, especially in the context of international travel where proof of vaccination is crucial. Public health officials and experts highlighted the alarming nature of this security flaw and emphasized the potential ramifications of individuals falsely claiming to be vaccinated while traveling [114610].
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) poor_decisions (a) The software failure incident related to the Covid vaccination certificates being hit by a security glitch in Scotland can be attributed to poor decisions. The incident occurred due to a security flaw that allowed individuals to edit their vaccination status certificates using popular computer software programs [114610]. This flaw could potentially lead to serious ramifications, as individuals could falsely claim to be vaccinated, impacting international travel and public health safety. The Scottish government acknowledged the security glitch and mentioned that they are working to rectify the issue by replacing the interim solution with digital Covid Status Certificates in the summer, which will include vaccination and testing data [114610]. The incident highlights the importance of robust and trustworthy systems in place for international travel and the need for immediate action to address such security vulnerabilities.
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) development_incompetence, accidental (a) The software failure incident in the article was due to development incompetence. The security flaw that allowed people to edit Covid vaccination status certificates was a result of a security glitch in the system. The glitch enabled individuals to alter vaccination status details using popular computer software programs, indicating a lack of professional competence in ensuring the security and integrity of the vaccination status forms [114610]. (b) Additionally, the incident could also be categorized as accidental, as the security flaw was not intentionally designed but rather accidentally present in the system. The unintended consequence of allowing individuals to manipulate vaccination status certificates highlights an accidental introduction of a vulnerability that could be exploited [114610].
Duration temporary The software failure incident reported in Article 114610 is temporary. The incident is described as a security glitch in the Covid vaccination certificates system in Scotland. The glitch allowed individuals to edit their vaccination status certificates using popular computer software programs. The Scottish government acknowledged the issue and mentioned that they are working to rectify it. Additionally, the government stated that the records of vaccination status will be replaced by digital Covid Status Certificates in the summer, indicating that the current issue is temporary and will be addressed with a more secure digital solution [114610].
Behaviour value, other (a) crash: The software failure incident in the article does not involve a crash where the system loses state and does not perform any of its intended functions. The issue described is related to a security glitch that allows individuals to edit Covid vaccination status certificates [114610]. (b) omission: The software failure incident does not involve omission where the system omits to perform its intended functions at an instance(s). Instead, the issue is about the ability to alter vaccination status details on the certificates [114610]. (c) timing: The software failure incident is not related to timing, where the system performs its intended functions correctly but too late or too early. The focus is on the security flaw that allows for the alteration of vaccination status details [114610]. (d) value: The software failure incident is related to the system performing its intended functions incorrectly. Specifically, the security glitch allows for the editing of Covid vaccination status certificates, enabling the inclusion of false information [114610]. (e) byzantine: The software failure incident does not exhibit a byzantine behavior where the system behaves erroneously with inconsistent responses and interactions. The issue is more straightforward, involving a security flaw that allows for unauthorized changes to vaccination status certificates [114610]. (f) other: The behavior of the software failure incident in the article can be categorized as a security vulnerability. The flaw allows individuals to manipulate vaccination status details on certificates, potentially leading to false information being presented, which could have serious implications for international travel and public health [114610].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception None None
Communication None None
Application None None

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence delay, theoretical_consequence, other (a) death: There were no reports of people losing their lives due to the software failure incident mentioned in the articles [114610]. (b) harm: There were no reports of people being physically harmed due to the software failure incident mentioned in the articles [114610]. (c) basic: There were no reports of people's access to food or shelter being impacted because of the software failure incident mentioned in the articles [114610]. (d) property: The software failure incident did not directly impact people's material goods, money, or data as it was related to the security glitch in Covid vaccination certificates [114610]. (e) delay: People may have had to postpone international travel plans due to the security glitch in the vaccination certificates, as they were advised to request the certificate if they were due to travel in the next 21 days [114610]. (f) non-human: Non-human entities were not directly impacted by the software failure incident mentioned in the articles [114610]. (g) no_consequence: The software failure incident had real observed consequences, such as the potential for individuals to alter their vaccination status certificates, leading to concerns about fraudulent claims during international travel [114610]. (h) theoretical_consequence: There were discussions about the potential ramifications of individuals traveling while falsely claiming to be vaccinated due to the security flaw in the vaccination certificates. This raised concerns about the trustworthiness of the systems in place for international travel [114610]. (i) other: The software failure incident also highlighted concerns about the safety and efficiency of the vaccination certification process, emphasizing the importance of rectifying the security flaw to prevent risks associated with a two-tier vaccine system and fraudulent claims during travel [114610].
Domain health (a) The failed system was intended to support the health industry. The software failure incident involved Covid vaccination certificates being hit by a security glitch in Scotland, impacting the distribution and verification of individuals' vaccination status [Article 114610].

Sources

Back to List