Incident: Vulnerability in Peloton Bike Plus Tablet Allows Remote Access

Published Date: 2021-06-15

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident with the Peloton Bike Plus vulnerability happened in early June [116249]. Therefore, the estimated timeline for the software failure incident would be early June 2021.
System 1. Peloton Bike Plus [116249]
Responsible Organization 1. Hackers with physical access to the Peloton Bike Plus [116249] 2. Potential risks identified by McAfee's Advanced Threat Research team [116249]
Impacted Organization 1. Peloton users were impacted by the software failure incident [116249].
Software Causes 1. Vulnerability in the Peloton Bike Plus that allowed hackers to access the machine's tablet, leading to remote root access, installation of malicious software, interception of traffic and personal data, and control of the bike's camera and microphone [116249].
Non-software Causes 1. Physical access to the Peloton Bike Plus machine, allowing hackers to insert a USB key with malicious code [116249].
Impacts 1. The vulnerability in the Peloton Bike Plus could have allowed hackers to access the machine's tablet, giving them remote root access to install malicious software, intercept traffic and personal data, and control the bike's camera and microphone [116249]. 2. Hackers could have potentially installed malicious apps that mimic legitimate services like Netflix or Spotify to gather users' login information for cyberattacks [116249]. 3. The incident could have led to the spying on users through the bike's camera and microphone, as well as intercepting sensitive information by decrypting communications between the bike and cloud services and databases [116249]. 4. While there were no reported real-world breaches exploiting the vulnerability, the potential impact on user privacy and data security was significant [116249]. 5. Peloton issued a mandatory update in early June to address the vulnerability and protect its devices from potential exploitation [116249].
Preventions 1. Regular security assessments and audits by cybersecurity experts like McAfee's Advanced Threat Research team could have helped identify the vulnerability before it could be exploited [116249]. 2. Implementing stricter access controls and restrictions on the Peloton Bike Plus tablet could have prevented unauthorized access and manipulation by hackers [116249]. 3. Ensuring timely software updates and patches are pushed out to all devices to address known vulnerabilities and enhance security measures [116249]. 4. Educating consumers on the importance of updating software and firmware on their IoT devices to protect against potential security risks [116249]. 5. Choosing IoT devices from reputable sellers who prioritize product security and take proactive measures to address vulnerabilities [116249].
Fixes 1. Patching the vulnerability by applying the mandatory update pushed out by Peloton in early June [116249]. 2. Ensuring users stay on top of software updates from device manufacturers and update mobile apps that pair with their internet of things devices [116249]. 3. Purchasing IoT devices from reputable sellers that take product security seriously [116249]. 4. Being aware of the information collected by IoT devices, how vendors use that information, and what they share with third parties or other users [116249]. 5. Allowing users to opt out of having their information collected or providing access to delete the data collected by IoT devices [116249].
References 1. McAfee's Advanced Threat Research team [116249] 2. Peloton [116249] 3. Backlinko [116249]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring unknown (a) The software failure incident related to the vulnerability with the Peloton Bike Plus and the potential for hackers to access the machine's tablet has not been reported to have happened again within the same organization (Peloton) or with its products and services. The incident was identified by McAfee's Advanced Threat Research team, and Peloton pushed out a mandatory update in early June to address the issue [116249]. (b) There is no information in the provided article indicating that a similar incident has happened before or again at other organizations or with their products and services. The focus of the article is on the specific vulnerability found in the Peloton Bike Plus and the actions taken to address it.
Phase (Design/Operation) design (a) The software failure incident in the article was related to the design phase. McAfee's Advanced Threat Research team identified a vulnerability with the Peloton Bike Plus that would have allowed hackers to access the machine's tablet. This vulnerability could have been exploited by hackers with physical access to the Bike Plus, allowing them to gain remote root access to the tablet, install malicious software, intercept traffic and personal data, and even take control of the bike's camera and microphone [116249]. The vulnerability was pinpointed by researchers when they discovered that the bike allowed them to load a file that wasn't meant for Peloton's hardware, indicating a design flaw that shouldn't have been possible on a locked device. McAfee informed Peloton about the vulnerability, and a patch was issued to address the issue [116249]. (b) The software failure incident was not related to the operation phase or misuse of the system.
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system, outside_system (a) within_system: The software failure incident related to the Peloton Bike Plus vulnerability was due to contributing factors that originated from within the system. McAfee's Advanced Threat Research team identified a vulnerability that allowed hackers with physical access to the Bike Plus to gain remote root access to the tablet, install malicious software, intercept traffic and personal data, and control the bike's camera and microphone [116249]. (b) outside_system: The software failure incident was also influenced by factors originating from outside the system. For example, hackers could exploit the vulnerability by physically accessing the Bike Plus or gaining access at some point from construction to delivery. This external access allowed them to insert a USB key with malicious code, leading to the exploitation of the system's vulnerabilities [116249].
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions, human_actions (a) The software failure incident in this case was due to non-human actions, specifically a vulnerability in the Peloton Bike Plus that allowed hackers to access the machine's tablet remotely. McAfee's Advanced Threat Research team identified the vulnerability, which could be exploited by hackers with physical access to the bike or access at some point from construction to delivery [116249]. (b) Human actions also played a role in this incident as the vulnerability was identified by McAfee's researchers who were actively looking for potential risks in the Peloton Bike Plus. Additionally, Peloton worked with McAfee to issue a patch to fix the vulnerability, demonstrating human intervention in response to the identified issue [116249].
Dimension (Hardware/Software) hardware, software (a) The software failure incident related to hardware: - The vulnerability with the Peloton Bike Plus that allowed hackers to access the machine's tablet was identified by McAfee's Advanced Threat Research team [116249]. - Hackers with physical access to the Bike Plus, or access at some point from construction to delivery, would have been able to get remote root access to the tablet and install malicious software, intercept traffic and personal data, and gain control of the bike's camera and microphone [116249]. - An example scenario provided was a hacker entering a gym with a Peloton Bike Plus and inserting a USB key with a boot image file with malicious code to gain remote root access and control over the device [116249]. (b) The software failure incident related to software: - The vulnerability in the Peloton Bike Plus software allowed for the exploitation by hackers to gain unauthorized access and control over the device [116249]. - Peloton pushed out a mandatory software update in early June to protect its devices from the identified vulnerability [116249]. - Researchers found that the bike allowed them to load a file that wasn't meant for Peloton's hardware, indicating a software-related issue in the device's security measures [116249].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) malicious (a) The software failure incident related to the Peloton Bike Plus vulnerability was malicious in nature. The vulnerability identified by McAfee's Advanced Threat Research team could have allowed hackers to access the machine's tablet, gain remote root access, install malicious software, intercept traffic and personal data, and even take control of the bike's camera and microphone. The scenario described involved a hacker physically accessing the Bike Plus and inserting a USB key with malicious code to exploit the vulnerability [116249].
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) poor_decisions (a) The intent of the software failure incident related to poor_decisions: - The vulnerability with the Peloton Bike Plus that allowed hackers to access the machine's tablet was identified by McAfee's Advanced Threat Research team [116249]. - The vulnerability was pinpointed when researchers found that the bike allowed them to load a file that wasn't meant for Peloton's hardware, indicating a security flaw in the design or implementation of the device [116249]. - McAfee advised consumers to stay on top of software updates from device manufacturers and to ensure that IoT devices are from reputable sellers that take product security seriously, suggesting that the incident could have been prevented or mitigated with better security practices [116249]. (b) The intent of the software failure incident related to accidental_decisions: - The vulnerability with the Peloton Bike Plus was not intentionally introduced by the company but was identified by external researchers [116249]. - There is no indication in the article that the vulnerability was a result of accidental decisions made by the company; rather, it seems to be a result of oversight in the device's security design and implementation [116249].
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) development_incompetence (a) The software failure incident related to development incompetence is evident in the vulnerability found in the Peloton Bike Plus by McAfee's Advanced Threat Research team. The team identified a flaw that allowed hackers with physical access to the bike to gain remote root access to the tablet, install malicious software, intercept traffic and personal data, and take control of the bike's camera and microphone [116249]. (b) The software failure incident related to accidental factors is highlighted in the discovery of the vulnerability by researchers who were looking for potential risks. They found that the Peloton Bike Plus allowed them to load a file that wasn't meant for the hardware, indicating an accidental oversight in the device's security measures [116249].
Duration temporary The software failure incident related to the vulnerability with the Peloton Bike Plus reported in Article 116249 can be categorized as a temporary failure. The vulnerability that would have allowed hackers to access the machine's tablet was identified by McAfee's Advanced Threat Research team, and a patch was issued by Peloton to fix the issue. The patch was tested and found to be effective on June 4, and a mandatory update was pushed out in early June to protect the devices from the vulnerability. This indicates that the software failure incident was temporary and addressed through a software update [116249].
Behaviour value (a) crash: The software failure incident in the article does not involve a crash where the system loses state and does not perform any of its intended functions. The vulnerability identified by McAfee's Advanced Threat Research team allowed hackers to access the Peloton Bike Plus tablet and potentially install malicious software, intercept data, and gain control of the bike's camera and microphone [116249]. (b) omission: The software failure incident does not involve the system omitting to perform its intended functions at an instance(s). Instead, the vulnerability allowed unauthorized access and potential control over the device by hackers [116249]. (c) timing: The software failure incident is not related to the system performing its intended functions correctly but too late or too early. The vulnerability allowed for unauthorized access and control of the Peloton Bike Plus tablet, potentially compromising user data and privacy [116249]. (d) value: The software failure incident is related to the system performing its intended functions incorrectly. The vulnerability identified by McAfee allowed hackers to potentially install malicious software, intercept data, and gain control of the bike's camera and microphone, compromising user privacy and security [116249]. (e) byzantine: The software failure incident does not involve the system behaving erroneously with inconsistent responses and interactions. The vulnerability identified in the Peloton Bike Plus was a specific security flaw that could be exploited by hackers to gain unauthorized access and control over the device [116249]. (f) other: The software failure incident in the article can be categorized as a security vulnerability that could lead to unauthorized access and control of the Peloton Bike Plus tablet, potentially compromising user data, privacy, and security [116249].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception None None
Communication None None
Application None None

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence property, non-human, theoretical_consequence (d) property: People's material goods, money, or data was impacted due to the software failure The software failure incident with the Peloton Bike Plus allowed hackers to potentially access the machine's tablet, giving them the ability to install malicious software, intercept traffic and personal data, and gain control of the bike's camera and microphone. This could lead to users unknowingly entering their login information, which could then be gathered for other cyberattacks. Additionally, the hackers could decrypt communications between the bike and various cloud services and databases to intercept sensitive information [116249].
Domain information (a) The failed system in this incident is related to the information industry as it involves a vulnerability in the Peloton Bike Plus that could allow hackers to access the machine's tablet, intercept traffic and personal data, and gain control of the bike's camera and microphone [116249]. (b) N/A (c) N/A (d) N/A (e) N/A (f) N/A (g) N/A (h) N/A (i) N/A (j) N/A (k) N/A (l) N/A (m) N/A

Sources

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