Incident: Title: Large Hadron Collider Damage Due to Electrical Fault

Published Date: 2022-03-10

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident at the Large Hadron Collider due to an electrical fault causing a liquid helium leak happened in September [25410]. Estimation: Step 1: The article mentions that the incident occurred in September. Step 2: The article was published on 2022-03-10. Step 3: Based on the information provided, the incident occurred in September of an unspecified year.
System 1. Interconnects between the magnets in LHC sectors three and four 2. Support of one of the quadrupole magnets in sectors three to four 3. Electrical connection that developed a resistive zone causing an electrical arc and puncturing a helium enclosure around a magnet [25410]
Responsible Organization 1. An electrical fault caused by a resistive zone in one of the electrical connections was responsible for the software failure incident at the Large Hadron Collider, leading to a liquid helium leak and subsequent damage to the magnets [Article 25410].
Impacted Organization 1. The European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN) [Article 25410]
Software Causes 1. Unknown
Non-software Causes 1. An electrical fault caused a liquid helium leak, leading to damage to the Large Hadron Collider [Article 25410].
Impacts 1. The software failure incident, specifically the electrical fault causing the liquid helium leak at the Large Hadron Collider, resulted in severe damage to the interconnects between magnets in LHC sectors three and four, as depicted in Picture 1 [Article 25410]. 2. The incident led to damage to the support of one of the quadrupole magnets in sectors three to four, affecting the functionality of the LHC's focusing system, as shown in Picture 2 [Article 25410]. 3. The software failure incident caused a resistive zone in an electrical connection, leading to an electrical arc that punctured a helium enclosure around a magnet, ultimately damaging the vacuum barriers and impacting the operation of the particle accelerator [Article 25410].
Preventions 1. Implementing regular maintenance and inspection schedules to detect and address potential electrical faults before they escalate [25410]. 2. Conducting thorough testing and quality assurance checks on the software controlling the superconducting magnets and electrical connections to ensure their reliability and safety [25410]. 3. Enhancing the monitoring systems to quickly detect anomalies such as resistive zones in electrical connections to prevent electrical faults and leaks [25410].
Fixes 1. Conducting a thorough analysis of the electrical fault that caused the helium leak and implementing measures to prevent similar faults in the future [25410].
References 1. CERN [25410] 2. Tom Espiner of ZDNet UK [25410]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring one_organization (a) The software failure incident at CERN with the Large Hadron Collider due to an electrical fault causing a liquid helium leak is specific to CERN and has not been reported to have happened again within the same organization [25410]. (b) There is no information in the provided article about a similar incident happening at other organizations or with their products and services.
Phase (Design/Operation) design (a) The software failure incident at CERN's Large Hadron Collider was primarily due to a design issue. The incident was caused by an electrical fault in the system, leading to a liquid helium leak that damaged various components of the particle accelerator. The fault originated from a resistive zone in one of the electrical connections, which created an electrical arc, puncturing a helium enclosure and causing subsequent damage [25410]. (b) There is no specific information in the provided article indicating that the software failure incident was due to factors introduced by the operation or misuse of the system.
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system The software failure incident at CERN's Large Hadron Collider was primarily within_system. The incident was caused by an electrical fault within the system, specifically a resistive zone in one of the electrical connections that led to an electrical arc puncturing a helium enclosure around a magnet, resulting in a helium leak and subsequent damage to the system components [25410].
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions (a) The software failure incident at CERN's Large Hadron Collider was not directly attributed to non-human actions. The incident was caused by an electrical fault that led to a liquid helium leak, damaging the superconducting magnets and other components of the particle accelerator [25410]. (b) The software failure incident at CERN's Large Hadron Collider was a result of human actions indirectly leading to the failure. The electrical fault that caused the helium leak was likely a result of human errors in the design, maintenance, or operation of the equipment, as it involved an electrical connection developing a resistive zone that led to the leak and subsequent damage [25410].
Dimension (Hardware/Software) hardware (a) The software failure incident occurring due to hardware: - The incident at CERN's Large Hadron Collider was caused by an electrical fault that led to a liquid helium leak, damaging the superconducting magnets and other components [25410]. (b) The software failure incident occurring due to software: - The articles do not mention any software-related contributing factors to the failure incident at CERN's Large Hadron Collider.
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) non-malicious (a) The software failure incident at CERN's Large Hadron Collider was non-malicious. The incident was caused by an electrical fault that led to a liquid helium leak, resulting in damage to the superconducting magnets and other components of the particle accelerator [25410].
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) unknown The software failure incident at CERN's Large Hadron Collider was not directly related to software issues but rather to an electrical fault that caused a liquid helium leak. The incident was attributed to an electrical fault that caused a resistive zone in one of the electrical connections, leading to an electrical arc that punctured a helium enclosure around a magnet [25410]. This indicates that the intent of the software failure incident was not due to poor decisions or accidental decisions but rather a technical fault in the electrical system.
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) unknown The articles do not mention any software failure incident related to development incompetence or accidental factors.
Duration temporary The software failure incident at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) was temporary. The incident was caused by an electrical fault that led to a liquid helium leak, damaging the magnets and support structures in the LHC. The need for repairs has put the experiment out of action until at least summer 2009, indicating that the failure was temporary and not permanent [Article 25410].
Behaviour other (a) crash: The software failure incident at CERN's Large Hadron Collider was not specifically described as a crash in the articles. The incident was primarily attributed to an electrical fault causing a liquid helium leak, leading to damage to the superconducting magnets and other components of the particle accelerator [Article 25410]. (b) omission: The software failure incident did not involve the system omitting to perform its intended functions at an instance(s) as the primary cause was related to an electrical fault and subsequent helium leak [Article 25410]. (c) timing: The software failure incident was not related to the system performing its intended functions too late or too early. Instead, the incident was caused by an electrical fault leading to a liquid helium leak and subsequent damage to the particle accelerator components [Article 25410]. (d) value: The software failure incident did not involve the system performing its intended functions incorrectly in terms of the software itself. The incident was more related to a hardware issue caused by an electrical fault and subsequent helium leak [Article 25410]. (e) byzantine: The software failure incident did not exhibit characteristics of a byzantine failure where the system behaves erroneously with inconsistent responses and interactions. The incident was primarily attributed to a specific electrical fault causing a helium leak and subsequent damage to the particle accelerator components [Article 25410]. (f) other: The software failure incident at CERN's Large Hadron Collider was primarily caused by an electrical fault leading to a liquid helium leak, resulting in damage to the superconducting magnets and other components. The incident did not exhibit behaviors such as a crash, omission, timing issue, or byzantine behavior in the software itself [Article 25410].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception None None
Communication None None
Application None None

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence harm, property, delay, non-human The consequence of the software failure incident described in the article is related to the physical harm caused by the incident. The liquid helium leak due to an electrical fault resulted in damage to the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The incident caused damage to the magnets, support structures, and electrical connections within the particle accelerator, leading to the need for repairs and putting the experiment out of action until at least summer 2009 [25410].
Domain knowledge The failed system in the reported incident at CERN was related to the industry of knowledge, specifically in the field of research and space exploration. The incident involved damage to the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), which is a flagship particle accelerator used for fundamental physics experiments [25410].

Sources

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