Incident: Tesla Model S Vulnerable to Remote Hacking via Weak Passwords

Published Date: 2014-04-02

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident where hackers could hijack $100,000 Tesla electric cars with a simple password crack was reported in an article published on 2014-04-02 [25735]. Therefore, the software failure incident likely happened around March 2014.
System 1. Tesla Model S security system [25735]
Responsible Organization 1. Hackers [25735]
Impacted Organization 1. Tesla - The software failure incident impacted Tesla's electric cars, specifically the Model S sedan, by allowing hackers to track and unlock the cars remotely by cracking a six-character password [25735].
Software Causes 1. Lack of proper password security measures in Tesla's software system, allowing for easy password cracking and unauthorized access [25735].
Non-software Causes 1. Lack of adequate physical security measures to prevent unauthorized access to the car's electronic systems [25735] 2. Insufficient restrictions on the number of incorrect login attempts, making it easier for attackers to guess the password [25735]
Impacts 1. The software failure incident allowed hackers to track and unlock $100,000 Tesla electric cars remotely by cracking a six-character password, potentially leading to theft of the car's contents [25735].
Preventions 1. Implementing multi-factor authentication (MFA) could have prevented the software failure incident by adding an extra layer of security beyond just a static six-character password [25735]. 2. Restricting the number of incorrect login attempts on the Tesla website could have enhanced security and prevented unauthorized access to the car's electronic systems [25735]. 3. Regularly updating and patching the software to address any identified security vulnerabilities could have helped prevent the incident [25735].
Fixes 1. Implementing a stronger and more secure authentication method such as two-factor authentication to enhance the security of accessing the car's electronic systems [25735].
References 1. Nitesh Dhanjani, a corporate security consultant, Tesla owner, and author of books on hacking [25735] 2. Tesla spokesman Patrick Jones [25735]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring unknown The articles do not provide information about the software failure incident happening again at either the same organization (one_organization) or at multiple organizations (multiple_organization).
Phase (Design/Operation) design, operation (a) The software failure incident related to the design phase is evident in the article. The security expert, Nitesh Dhanjani, conducted a study on the Tesla Model S sedan and found several design flaws in its security system. He mentioned that the car's major systems did not have hidden software vulnerabilities, but there were design flaws that allowed hackers to track and unlock the cars remotely by cracking a six-character password [25735]. (b) The software failure incident related to the operation phase is also highlighted in the article. The vulnerability in the Tesla Model S security system allowed hackers to remotely locate and unlock the cars by exploiting the six-character password used for the mobile phone app and the online Tesla account. This operation-related flaw enabled unauthorized access to the car's functions without the need for physical presence or the key fob, showcasing a failure in the operational security of the system [25735].
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system, outside_system (a) within_system: The software failure incident in this case is related to the security flaws within Tesla's Model S sedan. Security expert Nitesh Dhanjani found design flaws in the car's security system that allowed hackers to track and unlock the cars remotely by cracking a six-character password [25735]. (b) outside_system: The incident also involves factors originating from outside the system, such as traditional hacking techniques used by criminals to crack the password and gain access to the car's electronic systems. Attackers could attempt to guess the password via a Tesla website, use password-stealing viruses on the user's computer, or exploit other accounts that might share the same password [25735].
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions (a) The software failure incident in this case is related to non-human_actions. The incident occurred due to design flaws in the security system of the Tesla Model S sedan, specifically the vulnerability of the six-character password used to access the car's electronic systems. This flaw allowed hackers to remotely track and unlock the cars without human participation [25735].
Dimension (Hardware/Software) hardware (a) The software failure incident in the article is related to hardware. The security vulnerability highlighted by the security expert Nitesh Dhanjani in Tesla's Model S sedan is due to design flaws in the car's security system, specifically related to the six-character password used to access the car's electronic systems. This vulnerability allows hackers to track and unlock the cars remotely by cracking the password, indicating a hardware-related issue [25735].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) malicious (a) The software failure incident reported in Article 25735 is malicious in nature. The incident involves hackers being able to hijack $100,000 Tesla electric cars by exploiting a vulnerability in the car's security system. Security expert Nitesh Dhanjani demonstrated that by cracking a six-character password, hackers could remotely track and unlock the cars, potentially leading to theft of contents. This incident highlights how the software vulnerability was exploited by individuals with malicious intent to gain unauthorized access to the car's electronic systems [25735].
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) poor_decisions (a) The software failure incident related to the Tesla electric cars being vulnerable to hacking due to a six-character password can be attributed to poor decisions. The security expert Nitesh Dhanjani highlighted design flaws in the security system of the Tesla Model S sedan, specifically pointing out the vulnerability of using a six-character static password for accessing the car's electronic systems [25735]. This poor decision to rely on a simplistic password system made the cars susceptible to hacking, allowing hackers to track, unlock, and potentially steal the car's contents remotely.
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) development_incompetence (a) The software failure incident in the article can be attributed to development incompetence. The security expert, Nitesh Dhanjani, identified design flaws in the Tesla Model S sedan's security system, specifically mentioning that the car's electronic systems could be accessed by cracking a six-character password using traditional hacking techniques [25735]. This indicates that the software vulnerability was a result of inadequate security measures implemented during the development process, highlighting a lack of professional competence in ensuring robust security protocols.
Duration temporary The software failure incident reported in Article 25735 can be categorized as a temporary failure. The incident involved a security flaw in Tesla's Model S sedan, where hackers could remotely track and unlock the cars by cracking a six-character password. This flaw was identified by security expert Nitesh Dhanjani, who conducted a study on the car's security system and found design flaws that allowed for unauthorized access [25735]. The vulnerability in the password system made it possible for attackers to exploit the system temporarily until the issue was addressed by Tesla.
Behaviour omission, value, other (a) crash: The articles do not mention any instance of the software system crashing. (b) omission: The software system in question omits to perform its intended functions in terms of security as it allows hackers to track and unlock Tesla electric cars remotely by cracking a six-character password [25735]. (c) timing: There is no indication in the articles that the software system performs its intended functions too late or too early. (d) value: The software system fails in terms of value as it allows hackers to gain unauthorized access to Tesla electric cars by cracking the password, leading to potential theft of contents [25735]. (e) byzantine: The software system does not exhibit byzantine behavior as described in the articles. (f) other: The other behavior of the software failure incident is related to a design flaw in the security system of the Tesla Model S sedan, which allows for the vulnerability exploited by hackers to track and unlock the cars remotely [25735].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception embedded_software The software failure incident reported in the article [25735] is related to the embedded software layer of the cyber physical system. The failure was due to contributing factors introduced by embedded software error. The article discusses how hackers were able to access and control Tesla's electric cars by exploiting a design flaw in the security system, particularly related to the six-character password used for authentication. The vulnerability in the embedded software allowed hackers to track and unlock the cars remotely, highlighting a failure in the security measures implemented in the software.
Communication link_level <Article 25735> The software failure incident reported in the article is related to the communication layer of the cyber physical system. The incident involves a vulnerability in the Tesla Model S sedan's security system, specifically related to the six-character password used to access the car's electronic systems. This vulnerability allows hackers to track and unlock the cars remotely by cracking the password, indicating a failure at the link_level of the cyber physical system [25735].
Application TRUE The software failure incident reported in Article 25735 was related to the application layer of the cyber physical system. The failure was due to a vulnerability in the six-character password used to secure the Tesla Model S sedan's electronic systems. This vulnerability allowed hackers to track and unlock the cars remotely by cracking the password, which is a typical application layer issue related to incorrect usage and security flaws [25735].

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence property, non-human, theoretical_consequence The consequence of the software failure incident described in the article is related to the property being impacted due to the vulnerability in Tesla's security system. The vulnerability allowed hackers to potentially track and unlock Tesla electric cars remotely by cracking a six-character password, which could lead to theft of the car's contents [25735].
Domain transportation (a) The failed system in the article is related to the transportation industry as it involves the security vulnerabilities in Tesla's electric cars, specifically the Model S sedan [25735].

Sources

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