Incident: Taillight Software Failure in 2022 GMC Hummer EV Recall

Published Date: 2022-03-18

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident affecting the taillights of the 2022 GMC Hummer EV occurred between October 2021 and January 2022 [126248]. Therefore, the software failure incident happened between October 2021 and January 2022.
System 1. Software controlling the taillamps in the 2022 GMC Hummer EV [126248].
Responsible Organization 1. General Motors [126248]
Impacted Organization 1. Drivers of the 2022 GMC Hummer EV vehicles were impacted by the software failure incident with the taillights malfunctioning [126248].
Software Causes 1. The software controlling the taillamps in the 2022 GMC Hummer EV was causing the taillights to become inoperative or illuminate at the wrong time, leading to issues such as disabling the brake light, turn signal, reverse light, and side marker. This was a violation of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 108 [126248].
Non-software Causes 1. The taillights in the 2022 GMC Hummer EV were not functioning correctly due to a defect in the software controlling the taillamps, causing them to become inoperative or illuminate at the wrong time [126248].
Impacts 1. The software failure incident in the 2022 GMC Hummer EV resulted in taillights becoming inoperative or illuminating at the wrong time, which could disable the brake light, turn signal, reverse light, and side marker [126248].
Preventions 1. Implementing thorough software testing procedures during the development phase to catch issues like malfunctioning taillights before vehicles are released to the market [126248]. 2. Conducting regular software quality assurance checks to ensure that all software components, including those controlling critical vehicle functions like taillights, are functioning correctly [126248]. 3. Implementing a robust monitoring system that can detect software anomalies in real-time, allowing for prompt investigation and resolution of issues before they impact customers [unknown].
Fixes 1. Replacing the taillights with parts that have the correct software [126248].
References 1. Defect report filed with NHTSA [126248] 2. GM's internal investigation [126248]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring unknown (a) The software failure incident related to the taillights issue in the 2022 GMC Hummer EV has not been reported to have happened again within the same organization (General Motors) or with its products and services. The article specifically mentions that all 10 affected vehicles have already been fixed, and GM reached out directly to every affected owner to replace the taillights with parts that have the correct software [126248]. (b) The software failure incident related to the taillights issue in the 2022 GMC Hummer EV has not been reported to have happened at other organizations or with their products and services. The article does not mention any similar incidents occurring elsewhere.
Phase (Design/Operation) design (a) The software failure incident in the article is related to the design phase. The issue with the taillights in the 2022 GMC Hummer EV was caused by a software problem where the software controlling the taillamps could cause them to become inoperative or illuminate at the wrong time. This issue was identified as a design flaw in the software controlling the taillights, which violated Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 108 [126248].
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system (a) The software failure incident related to the taillights issue in the 2022 GMC Hummer EV was within the system. The problem with the taillights was caused by the software controlling them, which could lead to various malfunctions such as inoperative lights, lights illuminating at the wrong time, disabling of different lights like brake lights and turn signals, and lights remaining on even after the vehicle was turned off. This issue was identified as a violation of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 108 [126248]. The fix for this software-related problem involved replacing the taillights with parts that have the correct software, which resolved the issue for all affected vehicles [126248].
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions (a) The software failure incident in the article was due to non-human actions. The issue with the taillights of the 2022 GMC Hummer EV was caused by a software problem that led to the taillamps becoming inoperative or illuminating at the wrong time. This issue was identified through field reports and was not intentionally introduced by human actions. The software controlling the taillights malfunctioned, causing the lights to not function correctly, which led to the recall by General Motors [126248]. (b) The software failure incident in the article was not due to human actions. The defect in the software controlling the taillights of the GMC Hummer EV was identified after field reports and internal investigations by General Motors. The issue was not a result of intentional human actions but rather a non-human factor that caused the malfunction of the taillights in the vehicles [126248].
Dimension (Hardware/Software) hardware, software (a) The software failure incident in Article 126248 occurred due to contributing factors originating in hardware. The issue with the taillights of the 2022 GMC Hummer EV was related to the software controlling the taillamps, which could cause them to become inoperative or illuminate at the wrong time. This issue was a result of the software controlling the hardware components of the taillights malfunctioning, leading to the need for a recall to replace the taillights with parts that have the correct software [126248].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) non-malicious (a) The software failure incident related to the taillights issue in the 2022 GMC Hummer EV was non-malicious. The problem with the taillights was caused by a software issue that led to the lights not functioning correctly, such as becoming inoperative, illuminating at the wrong time, disabling various functions like brake lights and turn signals, and even remaining on after the vehicle was turned off. General Motors identified this issue through field reports and initiated a recall to replace the taillights with parts that have the correct software to fix the problem [126248].
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) unknown (a) The software failure incident related to the taillights issue in the 2022 GMC Hummer EV was not due to poor decisions but rather a technical fault in the software controlling the taillamps. General Motors discovered the issue after receiving field reports of taillamps not working correctly and took steps to initiate a recall to fix the problem [126248]. The issue was specifically related to the software causing the taillights to become inoperative or illuminate at the wrong time, leading to a violation of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 108. The fix involved replacing the taillights with parts that have the correct software, which was a straightforward solution implemented promptly by GM.
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) development_incompetence (a) The software failure incident in Article 126248 occurred due to development incompetence. The issue with the taillights of the 2022 GMC Hummer EV was caused by a software problem where the software controlling the taillamps could cause them to become inoperative or illuminate at the wrong time. This issue was a violation of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 108. General Motors discovered the problem after receiving field reports and took steps to initiate a recall to replace the taillights with parts that have the correct software [126248].
Duration temporary The software failure incident related to the taillights issue in the 2022 GMC Hummer EV was temporary. The article mentions that the problem with the taillights was due to the software controlling them, which could cause the lights to become inoperative or illuminate at the wrong time. This issue was identified in 10 vehicles produced between October 2021 and January 2022. General Motors took swift action to address the problem by initiating a recall and replacing the taillights with parts that have the correct software, resolving the issue for all affected vehicles [126248].
Behaviour omission, timing, value (a) crash: The software failure incident in Article 126248 did not involve a crash behavior. The issue with the taillights in the GMC Hummer EV was related to the lights becoming inoperative or illuminating at the wrong time, rather than the system losing state and not performing any of its intended functions [126248]. (b) omission: The software controlling the taillamps in the GMC Hummer EV was causing one or both lights to become inoperative or illuminate at the wrong time, indicating an omission of performing the intended functions at certain instances [126248]. (c) timing: The software controlling the taillights in the GMC Hummer EV was causing them to illuminate at the wrong time, which could be considered a timing issue as they were not functioning correctly in sync with the vehicle's operations [126248]. (d) value: The software controlling the taillights in the GMC Hummer EV was causing them to illuminate at the wrong time or become inoperative, indicating a failure in performing the intended functions correctly, which aligns with the value behavior [126248]. (e) byzantine: The software failure incident in Article 126248 did not exhibit a byzantine behavior. The issue with the taillights was more straightforward, with the lights either not working correctly or illuminating at the wrong time, without inconsistent responses or interactions [126248]. (f) other: The software failure incident in Article 126248 did not exhibit any other specific behavior beyond those mentioned in the options (a) to (e).

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception None None
Communication None None
Application None None

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence property, non-human The consequence of the software failure incident related to the taillights issue in the 2022 GMC Hummer EV was primarily related to property impact. The software failure caused the taillights to malfunction, leading to issues such as inoperative lights, lights illuminating at the wrong time, disabling of various lights like brake lights and turn signals, and lights remaining on even after the vehicle was turned off. This impacted the proper functioning of the vehicle's lighting system, which is crucial for safety and compliance with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards [126248]. The consequence was addressed through a recall and replacement of the affected taillights with parts containing the correct software [126248].
Domain transportation (a) The failed system in this incident was related to the transportation industry, specifically affecting the 2022 GMC Hummer EV vehicles [126248]. The issue with the taillights, caused by software controlling them, posed a safety risk for drivers on the road as it could lead to inoperative lights or lights illuminating at the wrong time, impacting brake lights, turn signals, reverse lights, and side markers. This software failure incident directly impacted the transportation sector by affecting the functionality and safety of the vehicles.

Sources

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