Incident: Twitter Global Outage: Major Service Disruption Impacts Users Worldwide

Published Date: 2022-07-14

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident of Twitter's outage happened on July 14, 2022, as reported in Article 130025.
System The system that failed in the Twitter outage incident was: 1. Twitter's service itself [130025].
Responsible Organization 1. The software failure incident on Twitter was caused by an internal issue within Twitter itself, as indicated by the article [130025].
Impacted Organization 1. Users of Twitter globally [130025]
Software Causes 1. Unknown
Non-software Causes 1. The outage at Twitter was not caused by any major infrastructural layer of the internet being affected [130025].
Impacts 1. The software failure incident led to Twitter being completely unavailable to users globally on both web and mobile platforms for almost an hour, marking one of the site's longest outages in years [Article 130025]. 2. The outage could have had a material effect on the Conservative party's leadership election, as Twitter's importance to global politics and culture has grown significantly since its early days [Article 130025].
Preventions 1. Implementing robust load testing procedures to ensure the platform can handle heavy traffic without crashing [130025]. 2. Conducting regular infrastructure audits and updates to prevent unexpected failures [130025]. 3. Enhancing the monitoring and alert systems to quickly identify and address any issues that arise [130025].
Fixes 1. Implementing better load balancing and capacity planning strategies to handle sudden spikes in traffic and prevent the system from becoming overloaded [130025]. 2. Conducting a thorough post-incident analysis to identify the root cause of the outage and implementing measures to prevent similar incidents in the future [130025]. 3. Enhancing the monitoring and alerting systems to quickly detect and respond to any issues that may arise in real-time [130025].
References 1. Downdetector.co.uk [130025] 2. Twitter's status dashboard 3. Twitter's official tweet [130025]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring one_organization, multiple_organization (a) The software failure incident at Twitter experiencing a significant outage is not the first time such an event has occurred within the organization. The article mentions that Twitter was notorious for collapsing under heavy load in its early days, with users remembering the "fail whale" error message when the service was over capacity. Additionally, the article notes that Twitter had a multi-hour outage in 2016. These instances indicate that Twitter has faced similar incidents in the past [130025]. (b) The article mentions a previous major outage that affected a broad swathe of the internet due to an issue with the "content distribution network" Fastly. This incident was triggered by a single user updating their settings, leading to a cascading error that impacted 85% of the sites relying on Fastly's infrastructure. This example shows that software failure incidents have also occurred at other organizations, in this case, Fastly, affecting multiple services [130025].
Phase (Design/Operation) design, operation (a) The software failure incident related to the design phase can be seen in the article as Twitter experienced a significant outage, with the social network being completely unavailable for almost an hour globally. This outage was attributed to an issue within Twitter itself, as no major infrastructural layer of the internet was affected. The article mentions that Twitter declined to comment on the outage but pointed to a tweet acknowledging the issue and stating they were working to resolve it [130025]. (b) The software failure incident related to the operation phase can be inferred from the article as the outage affected users globally on both web and mobile platforms. Users reported outages in the UK, US, and Europe, indicating that the failure was due to the operation or use of the system. Additionally, the article mentions that Twitter's own status dashboard incorrectly marked the social network and all related services as "operational" throughout the outage, indicating a failure in monitoring and operational procedures [130025].
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system (a) within_system: The software failure incident with Twitter was within the system. The article mentions that the outage was limited to Twitter itself, and no major infrastructural layer of the internet was affected [130025].
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions (a) The software failure incident in the article was not attributed to non-human actions. The outage experienced by Twitter was due to an internal issue within Twitter's own system, as mentioned in the article. The problem was limited to Twitter itself, and no major infrastructural layer of the internet seems to have been affected [130025]. (b) The software failure incident in the article was not attributed to human actions. The outage experienced by Twitter was not caused by any specific human actions mentioned in the article. Twitter declined to comment on the outage, and there was no indication of any human error or action leading to the outage [130025].
Dimension (Hardware/Software) software (a) The software failure incident reported in Article 130025 was not attributed to hardware issues. The outage experienced by Twitter was limited to the platform itself, with no major infrastructural layer of the internet being affected. This indicates that the failure did not originate from hardware problems but was specific to Twitter's software system. (b) The software failure incident in Article 130025 was primarily due to issues within the software system of Twitter. The article mentions that Twitter experienced one of its longest outages in years, with the social network being completely unavailable to users globally on both web and mobile platforms. The outage was specific to Twitter itself, and the site's status dashboard incorrectly marked all related services as "operational" throughout the outage, indicating a software-related failure.
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) non-malicious (a) The software failure incident in the article does not indicate any malicious intent behind the outage. It appears to be a non-malicious failure caused by technical issues within Twitter's system, leading to the site being completely unavailable for almost an hour globally [130025].
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) accidental_decisions (a) The software failure incident of Twitter's outage does not seem to be related to poor decisions. The article does not mention any poor decisions made by the company that directly contributed to the outage [130025]. (b) The software failure incident of Twitter's outage appears to be more related to accidental decisions or mistakes. The outage was not attributed to any major infrastructural issues or poor decisions but rather seemed to be an unexpected technical issue that caused the service to become unavailable globally for almost an hour [130025].
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) accidental (a) The article does not provide any information suggesting that the Twitter outage was due to development incompetence. The outage seems to have been a technical issue rather than a result of incompetence. (b) The outage experienced by Twitter appears to have been accidental, as there is no indication in the article that the outage was intentional or caused by malicious activity. It is described as a service becoming unavailable globally, with no major infrastructural layer of the internet being affected. The incident is portrayed as an unexpected event that Twitter was working to resolve, as indicated by their tweet acknowledging the issue and efforts to get the platform back up and running for users [130025].
Duration temporary (a) The software failure incident in the article was temporary. Twitter experienced an outage for almost an hour, with the service becoming unavailable at 12:55pm UK time and staying off for 45 minutes [Article 130025]. The outage was described as one of the longest and most severe in years for Twitter, but it was eventually resolved within a relatively short period of time, indicating a temporary failure.
Behaviour crash, other (a) crash: The software failure incident described in the article can be categorized as a crash. Twitter experienced a significant outage where the social network was completely unavailable to users globally for almost an hour. This outage resulted in the system losing its state and not performing any of its intended functions, which aligns with the definition of a crash [130025]. (b) omission: The article does not provide information indicating that the software failure incident was due to the system omitting to perform its intended functions at an instance(s) [130025]. (c) timing: The software failure incident was not related to the system performing its intended functions correctly but too late or too early [130025]. (d) value: The software failure incident was not due to the system performing its intended functions incorrectly [130025]. (e) byzantine: The software failure incident was not characterized by the system behaving erroneously with inconsistent responses and interactions [130025]. (f) other: The behavior of the software failure incident can be categorized as a significant outage that affected the availability of the Twitter platform globally, leading to users being unable to access the service. This behavior could be classified as a severe disruption in service delivery, impacting users' ability to engage with the platform [130025].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception None None
Communication None None
Application None None

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence delay, theoretical_consequence The consequence of the software failure incident reported in the article [130025] was primarily related to a delay in service. Twitter experienced a significant outage, with the social network being completely unavailable to users globally for almost an hour. This outage impacted users' ability to access the platform on both web and mobile devices. The outage was described as the longest and most severe in years, highlighting the disruption caused to users who rely on Twitter for various purposes, including communication, news, and social interactions. Additionally, the article mentions the potential material effect the outage could have had on the Conservative party's leadership election, indicating the broader implications of such a service disruption on political events and discourse.
Domain information (a) The software failure incident reported in Article 130025 is related to the information industry. Twitter, a social network platform, experienced a significant outage that rendered the service completely unavailable to users globally on both web and mobile platforms for almost an hour [130025]. The outage impacted users' ability to access and share information, highlighting the importance of the platform in the production and distribution of information.

Sources

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