| Recurring |
one_organization |
(a) The software failure incident having happened again at one_organization:
The article [132611] reports that Albania experienced a cyberattack against its computer systems used by the state police, specifically targeting the Total Information Management System (TIMS). This incident was attributed to the Iranian government and was described as being carried out by the "same aggressors" responsible for a previous hack that disrupted Albanian government services in July. Albanian Prime Minister Edi Rama alleged that the latest hack was the work of the same perpetrators as the July incident.
(b) The software failure incident having happened again at multiple_organization:
The article [132611] does not provide information about the software failure incident happening again at multiple organizations. |
| Phase (Design/Operation) |
design, operation |
(a) The software failure incident in Article 132611 was primarily related to the design phase. The cyberattack against the computer systems used by Albanian state police, including the Total Information Management System (TIMS), was attributed to the Iranian government. The hack disrupted government services and forced officials to temporarily take the TIMS offline, impacting the tracking of individuals entering and leaving Albania. The incident was linked to previous cyberattacks, indicating a pattern of targeting systems designed for processing immigration and managing data. The development and maintenance of these systems were compromised by the cyberattacks, leading to operational disruptions and security threats [132611].
(b) Additionally, the software failure incident in Article 132611 also involved operational factors. The hack against the TIMS system was a result of the operation of the system being compromised by external aggressors. The incident highlighted the vulnerability of operational procedures and the misuse of the system by threat actors seeking to disrupt government services and compromise security. The need to restore all aspects of the TIMS system indicated the operational impact of the cyberattack on daily functions and the response efforts required to mitigate the disruption caused by the incident [132611]. |
| Boundary (Internal/External) |
outside_system |
(a) within_system: The software failure incident, a cyberattack against computer systems used by Albanian state police, was attributed to the Iranian government. The hack targeted the Total Information Management System (TIMS) used for tracking individuals entering and leaving Albania. Albanian Prime Minister Edi Rama alleged that the same aggressors responsible for a previous hack in July were behind this incident as well. The incident led to the temporary shutdown of TIMS, but the ministry expected to have all aspects of TIMS restored soon [132611].
(b) outside_system: The software failure incident was caused by a cyberattack orchestrated by the Iranian government, indicating that the contributing factors originated from outside the system. The hack disrupted Albanian government services and prompted the US government to support Albania's efforts to mitigate and recover from the attack. The incident also led to Albania severing diplomatic relations with Iran, marking a significant consequence of the external cyberattack [132611]. |
| Nature (Human/Non-human) |
non-human_actions, human_actions |
(a) The software failure incident in this case was attributed to a cyberattack, indicating a non-human action. The incident involved a cyberattack against computer systems used by Albanian state police, specifically targeting the Total Information Management System (TIMS) [132611]. The hack was allegedly carried out by the Iranian government, with the Prime Minister of Albania stating that it was the work of the "same aggressors" responsible for a previous hack in July [132611].
(b) Human actions were also involved in responding to the software failure incident. Following the cyberattack, the Albanian government took the TIMS offline temporarily to address the issue and restore the system. Additionally, the US government and officials were actively involved in helping Albania recover from the hack, with the Treasury Department sanctioning Iran's spy agency for its alleged role in the previous July hack [132611]. |
| Dimension (Hardware/Software) |
software |
(a) The software failure incident in Albania, where the Total Information Management System (TIMS) was hacked, was not attributed to hardware issues but rather to a cyberattack originating from the Iranian government. The incident was described as a cyberattack against computer systems used by Albanian state police, leading to the temporary shutdown of the TIMS system [132611].
(b) The software failure incident in Albania, specifically the cyberattack on the TIMS system, was attributed to a software-related issue. The cyberattack disrupted the system used for tracking the data of individuals entering and leaving Albania, indicating that the failure originated in the software itself rather than hardware components [132611]. |
| Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) |
malicious |
(a) The software failure incident in this case is considered malicious. The cyberattack against the computer systems used by Albanian state police, including the Total Information Management System (TIMS), was attributed to the Iranian government. The hack was described as the work of "aggressors" and was part of a series of cyberattacks targeting Albanian government services, with the intent to disrupt and harm the security of an ally [132611]. The incident prompted strong condemnation from NATO members and the US government, with sanctions imposed on Iran's spy agency for allegedly carrying out the hack. The incident also led to a break in diplomatic relations between Albania and Iran.
(b) The software failure incident was not non-malicious. |
| Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) |
unknown |
[a] The software failure incident involving the cyberattack against computer systems used by Albanian state police was not due to accidental decisions but rather intentional actions by the Iranian government. The incident was attributed to the "same aggressors" responsible for a previous hack in July, indicating a deliberate and targeted attack [132611]. |
| Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) |
unknown |
(a) The software failure incident reported in the articles is not attributed to development incompetence. Instead, it is linked to a cyberattack allegedly carried out by the Iranian government against computer systems used by Albanian state police [132611].
(b) The software failure incident is attributed to a deliberate cyberattack by the Iranian government, rather than being accidental. The cyberattack targeted the Total Information Management System (TIMS) used by Albanian officials for tracking data of individuals entering and leaving Albania. The incident was described as a malicious cyber activity designed to destabilize and harm the security of an ally [132611]. |
| Duration |
temporary |
(a) The software failure incident in this case was temporary. The article mentions that the cyberattack against the computer systems used by Albanian state police forced officials to temporarily take offline its Total Information Management System (TIMS) [132611]. Additionally, the article states that by early Saturday evening, the ministry expected to have all aspects of the TIMS restored soon, indicating that the failure was not permanent. |
| Behaviour |
other |
(a) crash: The software failure incident in this case did not involve a crash where the system lost state and did not perform any of its intended functions. The incident was related to a cyberattack against computer systems used by Albanian state police, specifically targeting the Total Information Management System (TIMS) [132611].
(b) omission: The software failure incident did not involve the system omitting to perform its intended functions at an instance(s). Instead, the cyberattack disrupted the TIMS system, leading to the system being temporarily taken offline for tracking the data of individuals entering and leaving Albania [132611].
(c) timing: The software failure incident was not related to the system performing its intended functions correctly but too late or too early. The incident was a deliberate cyberattack that occurred on a specific date, causing disruption to the TIMS system [132611].
(d) value: The software failure incident did not involve the system performing its intended functions incorrectly in terms of the value provided. The incident was a cyberattack aimed at disrupting the operations of the TIMS system rather than causing it to function incorrectly [132611].
(e) byzantine: The software failure incident did not exhibit a byzantine behavior where the system behaved erroneously with inconsistent responses and interactions. The incident was a targeted cyberattack attributed to the Iranian government, affecting the TIMS system used by Albanian state police [132611].
(f) other: The software failure incident can be categorized as a deliberate cyberattack aimed at disrupting the operations of the TIMS system, which is a critical system for tracking individuals entering and leaving Albania. The incident led to the system being temporarily taken offline and required efforts to restore its functionality [132611]. |