Incident: Electronic Parking Brake Failure in Toyota and Lexus Vehicles

Published Date: 2022-09-02

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident with the electronic parking brake in Toyota and Lexus vehicles happened in 2022, as mentioned in Article 132442.
System 1. Electronic parking brake system in the 2022 Toyota Tundra pickup and the 2022 Lexus NX250 and NX350 compact SUVs [132442].
Responsible Organization 1. Toyota and Lexus were responsible for causing the software failure incident with the electronic parking brake in the 2022 Toyota Tundra pickup and the 2022 Lexus NX250 and NX350 compact SUVs [132442].
Impacted Organization 1. Owners of approximately 84,000 Toyota Tundra pickup and Lexus NX250 and NX350 compact SUVs were impacted by the software failure incident related to the electronic parking brake not engaging [132442].
Software Causes 1. The software cause of the failure incident was related to the electronic parking brake system not engaging properly in the 2022 Toyota Tundra pickup and the 2022 Lexus NX250 and NX350 compact SUVs, leading to a violation of federal regulations on parking brakes [132442].
Non-software Causes 1. The electronic parking brake may not engage in the recalled vehicles, leading to a violation of federal regulations on parking brakes and an increased risk of a vehicle rolling away [132442].
Impacts 1. The software failure incident in the electronic parking brake system of Toyota and Lexus vehicles led to a recall of approximately 84,000 vehicles, including the 2022 Toyota Tundra pickup and the 2022 Lexus NX250 and NX350 compact SUVs [132442]. 2. The failure of the electronic parking brake to engage could result in the vehicles being at risk of rolling away, increasing the potential for accidents or crashes [132442].
Preventions 1. Implementing thorough testing procedures during the software development phase to identify any potential issues with the electronic parking brake system [132442]. 2. Conducting regular software updates and maintenance checks to ensure the proper functioning of the electronic parking brake system [132442].
Fixes 1. Technicians updating the vehicles' skid control software at Toyota or Lexus dealership [132442].
References 1. Toyota's press release [132442]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring unknown (a) The software failure incident related to electronic parking brakes not engaging in Toyota and Lexus vehicles is specific to these manufacturers. There is no mention in the article of a similar incident happening before within the same organization (Toyota and Lexus) [132442]. (b) The software failure incident of electronic parking brakes not engaging in vehicles is not mentioned to have happened at other organizations or with their products and services in the provided article [132442].
Phase (Design/Operation) design (a) The software failure incident in this case is related to the design phase. The article mentions that the electronic parking brake in certain Toyota and Lexus vehicles may not engage as intended, violating federal regulations on parking brakes. This issue is attributed to the design of the electronic parking brake system, which fails to set properly, potentially leading to a vehicle rolling away and increasing the risk of a crash. The remedy for this issue involves updating the vehicles' skid control software to address the design flaw [132442].
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system (a) within_system: The software failure incident related to the electronic parking brake in Toyota and Lexus vehicles is within the system. The issue with the electronic parking brake not engaging is attributed to the software within the vehicles. Toyota mentioned that the remedy for this issue involves updating the vehicles' skid control software to address the problem, indicating that the failure originates from within the system itself [132442].
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions (a) The software failure incident in this case is related to non-human actions. The issue with the electronic parking brake in the Toyota and Lexus vehicles is attributed to the electronic parking brake not engaging properly, which violates federal regulations on parking brakes. This failure is not explicitly mentioned to be caused by human actions but rather a flaw in the software itself that prevents the brake from setting correctly, leading to the risk of a vehicle rolling away [132442].
Dimension (Hardware/Software) hardware (a) The software failure incident in this case is related to hardware. The article mentions that the electronic parking brake in certain Toyota and Lexus vehicles may not engage, which is a hardware-related issue. The failure of the electronic parking brake to set is attributed to the hardware component itself, rather than a software issue [132442].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) non-malicious (a) The software failure incident described in Article 132442 is non-malicious. The issue with the electronic parking brake in Toyota and Lexus vehicles was not due to any malicious intent but rather a technical flaw in the system that caused the parking brake to not engage properly. Toyota mentioned that the remedy for this issue involves updating the vehicles' skid control software to address the problem, indicating a non-malicious software failure incident [132442].
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) unknown (a) The software failure incident related to the electronic parking brake in Toyota and Lexus vehicles does not provide specific information about poor decisions contributing to the failure. The article mentions that the electronic parking brake may not engage in the vehicles, violating federal regulations on parking brakes and increasing the risk of a crash. However, it does not attribute the failure to poor decisions [132442]. (b) The software failure incident related to the electronic parking brake in Toyota and Lexus vehicles does not provide specific information about accidental decisions contributing to the failure. The article mentions that the remedy for the issue involves updating the vehicles' skid control software at Toyota or Lexus dealerships, with the fix being provided at no cost to owners. This indicates a proactive response to address the software failure but does not mention any accidental decisions leading to the failure [132442].
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) accidental (a) The software failure incident in this case does not seem to be related to development incompetence. The article does not mention any issues with the development process or lack of professional competence as the cause of the electronic parking brake failure. (b) The software failure incident appears to be accidental. The article states that the problem with the electronic parking brake not engaging in the Toyota and Lexus vehicles was identified, leading to a recall. It is described as a technical issue with the electronic parking brake system, which could result in the brake not setting properly, violating federal regulations and potentially causing a vehicle to roll away, increasing the risk of a crash. The remedy mentioned involves updating the vehicles' skid control software to address the issue, indicating that the failure was accidental rather than due to development incompetence [132442].
Duration temporary The software failure incident related to the electronic parking brake issue in Toyota and Lexus vehicles can be categorized as a temporary failure. The failure was due to a specific issue with the electronic parking brake not engaging in the affected vehicles, which was identified as a software problem. Toyota mentioned that a remedy for the issue has been established, which involves updating the vehicles' skid control software to address the problem. This indicates that the software failure was not permanent but rather temporary and can be resolved through a software update [132442].
Behaviour omission, other (a) crash: The software failure incident described in the article does not involve a crash where the system loses state and does not perform any of its intended functions. The issue with the electronic parking brake in Toyota and Lexus vehicles is related to the brake not engaging when activated, rather than a complete system failure leading to a crash [132442]. (b) omission: The software failure incident can be categorized under omission, as the electronic parking brake in the affected vehicles omits to perform its intended function of engaging properly when activated. This omission violates federal regulations on parking brakes and poses a safety risk of the vehicle rolling away [132442]. (c) timing: The software failure incident is not related to timing issues where the system performs its intended functions but at incorrect times (too late or too early) [132442]. (d) value: The software failure incident is not attributed to the system performing its intended functions incorrectly in terms of the values produced or actions taken [132442]. (e) byzantine: The software failure incident does not exhibit characteristics of a byzantine failure where the system behaves erroneously with inconsistent responses and interactions [132442]. (f) other: The behavior of the software failure incident can be categorized as a functional failure, where the electronic parking brake fails to engage properly when activated, leading to a safety concern of the vehicle rolling away [132442].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception None None
Communication None None
Application None None

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence property The consequence of the software failure incident related to the electronic parking brake issue in Toyota and Lexus vehicles is primarily categorized under option (d) property. The failure of the electronic parking brake to engage could result in a vehicle rolling away, which poses a risk of a crash and potential damage to property such as vehicles or other objects in the path of the rolling vehicle. This property damage is a direct consequence of the software failure incident described in the article [132442].
Domain transportation, manufacturing (a) The failed system in this incident is related to the transportation industry. The software failure incident involves electronic parking brakes in vehicles manufactured by Toyota and Lexus, specifically affecting the 2022 Toyota Tundra pickup and the 2022 Lexus NX250 and NX350 compact SUVs [132442].

Sources

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