Incident: Electric Power-Steering System Recall by General Motors in 2017

Published Date: 2019-03-14

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident of the electric power-steering system affecting General Motors cars, as reported in Article 82058, happened in 2018.
System 1. Electric power-steering system in the 2017 Cadillac ATS, 2016-2018 Cadillac CTS, 2017 Chevrolet Camaro, and 2017 Corvette [82058].
Responsible Organization 1. Bosch - The software failure incident was caused by defective control boards for the Bosch-supplied electric power-steering system [82058].
Impacted Organization 1. General Motors - The software failure incident impacted General Motors as they had to recall 26,772 cars due to a defective control board in the electric power-steering system [82058].
Software Causes 1. Defective control boards for the Bosch-supplied electric power-steering system [82058]
Non-software Causes 1. Defective control boards for the Bosch-supplied electric power-steering system [82058] 2. Steering problems reported with the 2017 Camaro [82058]
Impacts 1. The software failure incident in the electric power-steering system of General Motors vehicles led to a recall of 26,772 cars, including models like the Cadillac ATS, Cadillac CTS, Chevrolet Camaro, and Corvette [82058]. 2. Drivers faced the risk of harder steering and control of the affected vehicles due to the defective control boards in the electric power-steering system [82058]. 3. The software failure resulted in potential safety concerns for drivers, especially in urban areas, parking lots, and race tracks, where high steering effort could pose challenges [82058].
Preventions 1. Implementing thorough quality control measures during the manufacturing process to detect and address defects in the control boards for the electric power-steering system [82058]. 2. Conducting more extensive testing and validation of the electric power-steering system to identify any potential issues before the cars are released to the market [82058]. 3. Regularly monitoring and analyzing feedback and reports from customers regarding any steering problems to proactively address issues before they escalate [82058].
Fixes 1. GM dealers will replace the cars' electric power steering systems, free of charge [82058].
References 1. General Motors (GM) [82058] 2. Bosch (supplier of the electric power-steering system) [82058]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring one_organization (a) The software failure incident related to the electric power-steering system failure in General Motors vehicles has happened again within the same organization. The recall investigation began in 2018 after reports of steering problems with the 2017 Camaro, indicating a recurrence of the issue within GM's products [82058].
Phase (Design/Operation) design (a) The software failure incident in this case is related to the design phase. General Motors is recalling cars due to a problem with the electric power-steering system caused by defective control boards for the Bosch-supplied electric power-steering system. This issue was identified as a design flaw introduced during the development of the system [82058].
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system (a) within_system: The software failure incident in this case is within the system. The failure is attributed to defective control boards for the Bosch-supplied electric power-steering system, which is an internal component of the affected vehicles [82058].
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions (a) The software failure incident in this case is attributed to non-human actions. The issue with the electric power-steering system in the cars was caused by defective control boards supplied by Bosch, leading to the potential failure of the system. This defect could result in the loss of power assistance for steering, making it harder for drivers to control the vehicle. The problem was identified through reports of steering issues with specific car models, triggering the recall investigation by General Motors [82058].
Dimension (Hardware/Software) hardware (a) The software failure incident in this case is related to hardware. The article mentions that General Motors is recalling cars because of a defective control board for the Bosch-supplied electric power-steering system, which is a hardware component [82058].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) non-malicious (a) The software failure incident described in the article is non-malicious. The failure is attributed to defective control boards for the Bosch-supplied electric power-steering system, leading to the potential failure of the power-steering system in the affected cars. This issue was identified through a recall investigation initiated by GM after reports of steering problems with certain car models. The company is taking corrective action by replacing the electric power steering systems in the affected vehicles free of charge [82058].
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) unknown The software failure incident related to the General Motors recall of 26,772 cars due to a potential electric power-steering system failure does not directly indicate whether the incident was caused by poor decisions or accidental decisions. The article primarily focuses on the technical details of the recall, such as the defective control boards and the process for replacing the electric power steering systems. Therefore, the intent behind the software failure incident is not explicitly mentioned in the provided article [82058].
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) accidental (a) The software failure incident in this case is not directly attributed to development incompetence. The issue with the electric power-steering system in the cars was identified as stemming from defective control boards supplied by Bosch. This points more towards a manufacturing or component defect rather than a failure in development due to incompetence [82058]. (b) The software failure incident appears to be accidental in nature, as it was caused by defective control boards for the electric power-steering system supplied by Bosch. This defect led to the potential failure of the power-steering system in the affected cars, making it harder for drivers to steer and control the vehicles. The problem was not intentional but rather a result of a faulty component [82058].
Duration temporary (a) The software failure incident described in the article is more of a temporary nature. The article mentions that if the electric power-steering system fails, drivers will receive an audible and visual warning about the error in the car's instrument cluster. Additionally, sometimes the problem will go away when the car is restarted. This indicates that the failure is not permanent but rather temporary in nature, as it can be resolved by restarting the car [82058].
Behaviour value, other (a) crash: The software failure incident in the article does not involve a crash where the system loses state and stops performing any of its intended functions. The article mentions that even if the power-assist function fails, the cars' steering will still work, allowing drivers to steer the vehicle [82058]. (b) omission: The software failure incident does not involve omission where the system fails to perform its intended functions at an instance(s). The article states that drivers will receive audible and visual warnings about the error in the car's instrument cluster when the power-steering system fails [82058]. (c) timing: The software failure incident is not related to timing issues where the system performs its intended functions but either too late or too early. The article does not mention any timing-related issues in the context of the power-steering system failure [82058]. (d) value: The software failure incident is not attributed to the system performing its intended functions incorrectly. The article does not indicate any incorrect performance of the power-steering system, rather it highlights the potential increase in steering effort when the power-assist function is down [82058]. (e) byzantine: The software failure incident does not exhibit byzantine behavior where the system behaves erroneously with inconsistent responses and interactions. The article does not describe any inconsistent responses or interactions related to the power-steering system failure [82058]. (f) other: The software failure incident in the article can be categorized as a value-related failure. Although the steering still works when the power-assist function fails, the increased steering effort could make it tougher for owners to drive the affected cars safely, especially at lower speeds. This change in the expected behavior of the power-steering system can be considered a value-related failure [82058].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception None None
Communication None None
Application None None

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence theoretical_consequence The consequence of the software failure incident reported in Article 82058 is related to the potential harm caused by the failure of the electric power-steering system in the affected cars. GM cautions that high steering effort could make it tougher for owners to drive the affected cars safely, especially at lower speeds, such as in urban areas and parking lots. Additionally, losing power assistance on a race track could be problematic for vehicles like the Camaro or Corvette. However, there were no reported cases of death or physical harm resulting from this software failure incident. The primary concern was the impact on the ability to steer the vehicles safely [82058].
Domain transportation, manufacturing (a) The failed system was intended to support the transportation industry. The software failure incident involved the electric power-steering system in cars manufactured by General Motors, affecting models such as the Cadillac ATS, Cadillac CTS, Chevrolet Camaro, and Chevrolet Corvette [82058]. This system is crucial for steering and controlling the vehicles, highlighting its direct relevance to the transportation sector.

Sources

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