Incident: Facebook's Failure to Detect Child Exploitation Cases on Platform

Published Date: 2020-03-04

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident of Facebook failing to catch hundreds of cases of child exploitation on its platform over the past six years happened between January 2013 and December 2019 as reported in Article 96974.
System The software failure incident reported in the article did not involve a specific system failure within the software itself. Instead, the failure highlighted in the article pertains to Facebook's failure to effectively catch and prevent cases of child exploitation on its platform, indicating a failure in the enforcement of community standards and detection mechanisms rather than a specific software system failure. Therefore, the answer is 'unknown'.
Responsible Organization 1. Facebook [96974]
Impacted Organization 1. Children were impacted by the software failure incident reported in Article 96974. [96974]
Software Causes 1. Lack of effective content moderation algorithms or tools on Facebook's platform to detect and prevent child exploitation content [96974] 2. Inadequate enforcement of community standards related to banning content that sexually exploits or endangers children [96974] 3. Insufficient proactive measures by Facebook to address the serious problem of child exploitation affecting many lives [96974]
Non-software Causes 1. Lack of proactive enforcement by Facebook in addressing child exploitation cases on its platform [96974] 2. Increase in users on Facebook leading to a rise in child exploitation cases [96974] 3. Criticism of Facebook's past inaction in response to reports of child exploitation on the platform [96974] 4. Concerns about the impact of legislation like the Earn It Act on free speech protections and privacy efforts [96974]
Impacts 1. Facebook failed to catch hundreds of cases of child exploitation on its platform over the past six years, leading to at least 366 cases of child sexual exploitation between January 2013 and December 2019 [96974]. 2. Only 9% of the 366 cases were investigated because Facebook alerted authorities, indicating a significant gap in enforcing community standards banning content that sexually exploits or endangers children [96974]. 3. The increase in users on Facebook correlated with a rise in the number of child exploitation cases, with as many as 23 cases per quarter in 2019 compared to just 10 per quarter in 2013 [96974]. 4. Facebook's inaction in the face of reports regarding the exploitation of children on the platform has been criticized in the past, highlighting a failure to effectively address the issue [96974]. 5. The passage of FOSTA-SESTA legislation forced Facebook to take on more enforcement responsibility regarding online sexual exploitation of children, leading to an increase in reports related to child exploitation on the platform [96974].
Preventions 1. Implementing more robust content moderation algorithms and technologies to proactively detect and remove child exploitation content on the platform could have prevented the software failure incident [96974]. 2. Enhancing the reporting and response mechanisms for users to flag and report suspicious or harmful content related to child exploitation could have helped prevent such incidents [96974]. 3. Strengthening partnerships with law enforcement agencies and organizations dedicated to combating child exploitation to improve the effectiveness of investigations and enforcement actions on the platform could have been a preventive measure [96974].
Fixes 1. Implementing more sophisticated systems to proactively detect and address child exploitation on the Facebook platform [96974]. 2. Enhancing enforcement of community standards that ban content related to child exploitation [96974]. 3. Utilizing technologies like PhotoDNA to scan images and flag known child exploitative material to prevent uploads of such content on the platform [96974]. 4. Supporting legislative efforts such as the Earn It Act to force tech giants to more aggressively address child sexual exploitation on their platforms [96974]. 5. Collaborating with law enforcement agencies and organizations like the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children to report and address instances of child exploitation more effectively [96974].
References 1. Department of Justice news releases [96974] 2. Tech Transparency Project (TPP) [96974] 3. Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg [96974] 4. National Center for Missing and Exploited Children [96974] 5. The Electronic Frontier Foundation [96974] 6. Senators Lindsey Graham and Richard Blumenthal [96974] 7. The justice department [96974] 8. Members of the tech industry [96974]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring one_organization, multiple_organization (a) The software failure incident related to child exploitation on Facebook's platform has happened again within the same organization. The article mentions that Facebook failed to catch hundreds of cases of child exploitation on its platform over the past six years, indicating a recurring issue within the organization [96974]. (b) The software failure incident related to child exploitation has also occurred at multiple organizations. The article discusses how the tech industry, including Facebook, is facing pressure from US regulators to crack down on child exploitation on their platforms. Additionally, the article mentions a bipartisan bill called the Earn It Act, which aims to force tech giants to more aggressively address child sexual exploitation or risk losing protections under Section 230. This indicates that the issue of child exploitation is not limited to Facebook but is a broader concern across multiple tech organizations [96974].
Phase (Design/Operation) design, operation (a) The software failure incident related to the design phase can be seen in the case of Facebook's failure to catch hundreds of cases of child exploitation on its platform over the past six years. The failure was attributed to Facebook not doing all it can to enforce its community standards, which ban content that sexually exploits or endangers children. The Tech Transparency Project (TPP) report highlighted that only 9% of the 366 cases of child exploitation were investigated because Facebook alerted authorities, indicating a failure in the design or implementation of systems to effectively identify and address such content [96974]. (b) The software failure incident related to the operation phase can be observed in the case where Facebook was criticized for inaction in the face of reports regarding the exploitation of children on the platform. Despite reports and alerts from external organizations like the TPP, Facebook did not take action to remove inappropriate content, indicating a failure in the operation or response mechanisms of the platform to address such issues promptly and effectively [96974].
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system (a) within_system: The software failure incident related to Facebook's failure to catch cases of child exploitation on its platform can be categorized as within_system. This is evident from the fact that Facebook's own systems and processes, such as content moderation and enforcement of community standards, were not effectively identifying and addressing instances of child exploitation [96974].
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions, human_actions (a) The software failure incident related to non-human actions in the provided articles is the failure of Facebook's systems to catch hundreds of cases of child exploitation on its platform over the past six years. The failure was due to the lack of effective enforcement of community standards by Facebook, as highlighted by the Tech Transparency Project's report [96974]. (b) The software failure incident related to human actions in the articles is the inaction and inadequate response by Facebook to reports of child exploitation on its platform. Despite being alerted to inappropriate content and images aimed at pedophiles, Facebook did not take sufficient action to remove such content, indicating a failure in human actions to address the issue effectively [96974].
Dimension (Hardware/Software) software (a) The articles do not mention any specific software failure incident occurring due to contributing factors originating in hardware. Hence, there is no information available regarding a software failure incident related to hardware in the provided articles. (b) The software failure incident mentioned in the articles is related to Facebook's failure to catch hundreds of cases of child exploitation on its platform over the past six years. This failure is attributed to the lack of proper enforcement of community standards by Facebook, as highlighted by the Tech Transparency Project (TPP) report. The report indicates that Facebook did not alert authorities in the majority of cases of child exploitation, leading to a failure in addressing this serious issue affecting many lives [96974].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) malicious (a) The software failure incident related to child exploitation on Facebook's platform can be categorized as malicious. The incident involved cases where individuals exploited children through Facebook, such as a man posing as a teenage girl to lure boys into live streaming sexual activity, another man sending thousands of messages to children, and a convicted sex offender communicating with a 13-year-old girl using Facebook Messenger [96974]. These actions were intentional and aimed at harming the victims, indicating a malicious intent behind the software failure incident.
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) unknown The articles do not provide information about a software failure incident related to poor decisions or accidental decisions.
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) development_incompetence, unknown (a) The software failure incident related to development incompetence is evident in the case of Facebook's failure to catch hundreds of cases of child exploitation on its platform over the past six years. The report highlighted that only 9% of the 366 cases of child exploitation were investigated because Facebook alerted authorities, while the rest of the investigations were initiated by authorities without prompting from the social media giant. This suggests that Facebook may not be doing all it can to enforce its community standards effectively, particularly in cases involving the exploitation of children [96974]. (b) The software failure incident related to accidental factors is not explicitly mentioned in the provided article.
Duration temporary The software failure incident related to child exploitation cases on Facebook's platform can be considered as a temporary failure. This is because the failure was due to contributing factors introduced by certain circumstances, such as inadequate enforcement of community standards and the need for more proactive reporting and action on child exploitation cases [96974]. The incident was not a permanent failure caused by all circumstances, as there were specific actions and legislation that influenced Facebook's response and enforcement efforts to address the issue.
Behaviour omission, value, other (a) crash: The articles do not mention any specific instances of a system crash leading to the failure of performing its intended functions. (b) omission: The failure in this case is related to the omission of Facebook to catch hundreds of cases of child exploitation on its platform over the past six years. The system omitted to perform its intended function of enforcing community standards to prevent the sexual exploitation of children [96974]. (c) timing: There is no indication in the articles that the failure was due to the system performing its intended functions too late or too early. (d) value: The failure is related to the system performing its intended functions incorrectly by not effectively addressing child exploitation on the platform, despite having community standards in place to prevent such content [96974]. (e) byzantine: The failure does not align with a byzantine behavior where the system behaves erroneously with inconsistent responses and interactions. (f) other: The failure can be categorized as a failure of enforcement where the system did not take sufficient action to address the serious issue of child exploitation on the platform, despite having the capability to do so [96974].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception None None
Communication None None
Application None None

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence no_consequence (a) death: The articles do not mention any direct consequences of death due to the software failure incident. [96974]
Domain information, health (a) The failed system in this incident is related to the information industry, specifically social media platforms like Facebook. The software failure incident involves Facebook's failure to effectively catch cases of child exploitation on its platform over the past six years [96974]. The system was intended to support the production and distribution of information through social networking services. (j) The failed system also relates to the health industry indirectly as it involves cases of child exploitation, which can have severe impacts on the mental and physical health of the victims. The exploitation cases on Facebook involve sexual exploitation of children, which is a critical issue affecting the health and well-being of the victims [96974].

Sources

Back to List