Incident: Jeep Grand Cherokee Airbag Deployment Software Issue Recall.

Published Date: 2015-02-02

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident of the Jeep Grand Cherokees happened in 2014 and 2015 as mentioned in Article [33949]. Therefore, the estimated timeline for the software failure incident would be in 2014 or 2015.
System 1. Software system designed to detect an impending rollover accident in model year 2014 and 2015 Jeep Grand Cherokees [33949].
Responsible Organization 1. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCAM) [33949]
Impacted Organization 1. Customers who own the affected Jeep Grand Cherokees worldwide were impacted by the software failure incident [33949].
Software Causes 1. The software problem in the Jeep Grand Cherokees was caused by a defect in the software designed to detect an impending rollover accident, leading to the side airbags deploying during extreme driving maneuvers [33949].
Non-software Causes 1. The failure incident was caused by the vehicles tilting to the side during extreme driving maneuvers, triggering the side airbags to deploy even though the vehicles were not actually about to roll over [33949].
Impacts 1. The software problem in the Jeep Grand Cherokees could cause the airbags to deploy even when there's no real risk of a crash, potentially leading to unnecessary deployment of side airbags during extreme driving maneuvers [33949].
Preventions 1. Conducting thorough testing and quality assurance procedures during the software development process to identify potential issues before the software is deployed [33949]. 2. Implementing more robust monitoring and feedback mechanisms in the software to detect abnormal behavior or unexpected situations that could trigger false airbag deployments [33949]. 3. Regularly updating and maintaining the software to address any emerging issues or vulnerabilities that could lead to software failures [33949].
Fixes 1. Jeep dealers will replace the software designed to detect an impending rollover accident with new software to make the side airbags less likely to inflate during extreme driving maneuvers [33949].
References 1. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCAM) [33949]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring unknown (a) The software failure incident related to the airbag deployment issue in Jeep Grand Cherokees is specific to Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA), the manufacturer of Jeeps. There is no mention in the article of a similar incident happening again within the same organization. (b) The article does not mention any similar incident happening at other organizations or with their products and services.
Phase (Design/Operation) design (a) The software failure incident in the article is related to the design phase. The article mentions that the recall is to fix a software problem that could cause the vehicles' airbags to deploy even when there's no real risk of a crash. The issue is specifically with the software designed to detect an impending rollover accident, which led to the side airbags deploying during extreme driving maneuvers, such as off-road terrain, when the SUVs tilted to the side but were not actually about to roll over. The solution involves replacing the software to make the side airbags less likely to inflate in such situations, indicating a design flaw in the software [33949]. (b) The article does not provide information indicating that the software failure incident was due to factors introduced by the operation or misuse of the system.
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system (a) within_system: The software problem causing the airbags to deploy even when there's no real risk of a crash is described as originating within the system. The article mentions that the issue is related to the software designed to detect an impending rollover accident. The new software update will address this internal system problem by making the side airbags less likely to inflate in certain driving situations [33949].
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions (a) The software failure incident in this case was due to non-human_actions. The article mentions that the software problem could cause the vehicles' airbags to deploy even when there's no real risk of a crash. This issue was related to the software's detection of an impending rollover accident during extreme driving maneuvers, such as off-road terrain, where the SUVs tilted to the side but were not actually about to roll over. The new software update aims to address this issue by making the side airbags less likely to inflate in such situations [33949].
Dimension (Hardware/Software) software (a) The software failure incident in the article is related to hardware. The issue causing the airbags to deploy unnecessarily was due to a software problem in the system designed to detect an impending rollover accident. The software was detecting extreme driving maneuvers, such as tilting to the side, as potential rollovers, leading to the unintended deployment of the airbags [33949].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) non-malicious (a) The software failure incident described in Article 33949 is non-malicious. The failure was due to a software problem that could cause the vehicles' airbags to deploy even when there's no real risk of a crash. The issue was related to the software designed to detect an impending rollover accident, which led to the side airbags deploying during extreme driving maneuvers, such as off-road terrain, even when the vehicles were not actually about to roll over. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles initiated a recall to fix this software problem by replacing the software to make the side airbags less likely to inflate in such situations. There is no indication in the article that the software problem was caused by malicious intent or human actions with the aim to harm the system.
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) poor_decisions (a) The intent of the software failure incident related to poor_decisions: - The software problem that caused the airbags to deploy even when there was no real risk of a crash was due to a flaw in the software designed to detect an impending rollover accident [33949]. (b) The intent of the software failure incident related to accidental_decisions: - The unintended consequence of the software failure incident was that the side airbags deployed during extreme driving maneuvers, such as off-road terrain situations, where the SUVs tilted to the side but were not actually about to roll over. This unintended deployment was a result of the software not accurately assessing the rollover risk [33949].
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) accidental (a) The software failure incident in the article is not attributed to development incompetence. Instead, it is described as a software problem that could cause the vehicles' airbags to deploy even when there's no real risk of a crash. The issue was related to the software designed to detect an impending rollover accident, which led to the side airbags deploying during extreme driving maneuvers, such as off-road terrain, when the SUVs tilted to the side but were not actually about to roll over. The solution involved replacing the software to make the side airbags less likely to inflate in such situations [33949]. (b) The software failure incident described in the article appears to be accidental rather than intentional. The issue with the software causing the airbags to deploy in certain situations was not a deliberate act but rather a unintended consequence of the software's design and functionality. It was not mentioned that the failure was caused by deliberate actions or malicious intent [33949].
Duration temporary (a) The software failure incident described in the article is temporary. The article mentions that Fiat Chrysler Automobiles is recalling about 230,000 Jeep Grand Cherokees worldwide to fix a software problem that could cause the vehicles' airbags to deploy even when there's no real risk of a crash. The issue is specifically related to the software designed to detect an impending rollover accident, leading to the side airbags deploying during extreme driving maneuvers but not when an actual rollover is imminent. The fix involves replacing the software to make the side airbags less likely to inflate in such situations, indicating that the failure was temporary and not a permanent issue [33949].
Behaviour crash, omission, value, other (a) crash: The software problem in the Jeep Grand Cherokees could cause the vehicles' airbags to deploy even when there's no real risk of a crash, indicating a failure due to the system losing state and not performing any of its intended functions [33949]. (b) omission: The side airbags have deployed during "extreme driving maneuvers" such as those encountered in off-road terrain when the SUVs tilted to the side, but not so much that they were actually about to roll over, suggesting a failure due to the system omitting to perform its intended functions at specific instances [33949]. (c) timing: The new software will make the side airbags less likely to inflate in situations where they shouldn't, indicating a failure due to the system performing its intended functions correctly but at the wrong time [33949]. (d) value: The software problem led to the side airbags deploying incorrectly during certain driving maneuvers, which could be considered a failure due to the system performing its intended functions incorrectly [33949]. (e) byzantine: The articles do not mention any behavior indicative of a byzantine failure in this software failure incident. (f) other: The software problem in the Jeep Grand Cherokees resulted in the unintended deployment of side airbags during specific driving maneuvers, which could be categorized as an 'other' behavior not fitting into the defined options [33949].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception sensor, embedded_software (a) The software problem that caused the airbag deployment issue in Jeep Grand Cherokees was related to the sensor system. Specifically, the software designed to detect an impending rollover accident was triggering the side airbags during extreme driving maneuvers, such as off-road terrain, when the SUVs tilted to the side but were not actually about to roll over. The new software update aims to make the side airbags less likely to inflate in such situations, indicating a sensor-related issue [33949].
Communication unknown The software failure incident reported in Article 33949 was not related to the communication layer of the cyber physical system. Instead, it was related to a software problem in the detection algorithm designed to detect an impending rollover accident, leading to the unintended deployment of airbags during extreme driving maneuvers. The issue was specifically with the software's ability to accurately assess the risk of a rollover, rather than a failure at the communication layer of the system.
Application TRUE The software failure incident described in Article #33949 was related to the application layer of the cyber physical system. The article mentions that Fiat Chrysler Automobiles is recalling Jeep Grand Cherokees worldwide to fix a software problem that could cause the vehicles' airbags to deploy even when there's no real risk of a crash. This issue was specifically related to the software designed to detect an impending rollover accident, indicating a failure at the application layer due to bugs or incorrect usage [33949].

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence property The consequence of the software failure incident in the reported article is as follows: (d) property: People's material goods, money, or data was impacted due to the software failure. The software problem in the Jeep Grand Cherokees could cause the vehicles' airbags to deploy even when there's no real risk of a crash. This issue led to the recall of about 230,000 Jeep Grand Cherokees worldwide to fix the software problem. The fix involved replacing the software that detects an impending rollover accident to prevent the side airbags from deploying unnecessarily during extreme driving maneuvers [33949].
Domain transportation (a) The failed system was intended to support the transportation industry. The software problem in the Jeep Grand Cherokees could cause the vehicles' airbags to deploy even when there's no real risk of a crash, affecting the safety and functionality of the vehicles [33949].

Sources

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