Incident: Infiniti Q50 Steering System Software Glitch Recall.

Published Date: 2016-06-16

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident with the steering system key to the Q50 sedan's autonomous driving capabilities happened when a software glitch could lead to a lack of steering responsiveness and change in turning radius, just after starting the vehicle [45355]. 2. The article was published on 2016-06-16. 3. Estimation: The incident likely occurred around June 2016.
System 1. Direct adaptive steering system in the Infiniti Q50 sedan [Article 45355]
Responsible Organization 1. Infiniti - The software failure incident was caused by a malfunction in the steering system key to the Q50 sedan's autonomous driving capabilities, which was a result of a software glitch in the direct adaptive steering system [45355].
Impacted Organization 1. Customers who own the Infiniti Q50 vehicles globally were impacted by the software failure incident [45355].
Software Causes 1. Software glitch causing lack of steering responsiveness and change in turning radius just after starting the vehicle [45355].
Non-software Causes 1. The steering system key to the Q50 sedan's autonomous driving capabilities could malfunction due to a software glitch, leading to a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius [45355].
Impacts 1. The software failure incident in Nissan's Infiniti Q50 luxury sedan led to a global recall of roughly 60,000 vehicles, affecting markets including China and North America [45355]. 2. The malfunction in the steering system's software could result in a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius, posing potential safety risks to drivers [45355]. 3. Infiniti had previously recalled 2014 model year Q50s due to issues with the electric steering system being disabled at freezing temperatures, indicating a history of software-related problems with the vehicle [45355].
Preventions 1. Implementing thorough software testing procedures to identify and address potential glitches or malfunctions before the vehicles are released to the market [45355]. 2. Conducting more extensive real-world testing scenarios to simulate various driving conditions and situations that could trigger software malfunctions [45355]. 3. Enhancing the software quality assurance processes to ensure the reliability and safety of autonomous driving features, especially in critical systems like steering [45355].
Fixes 1. The software failure incident in the Infiniti Q50's steering system could be fixed through a recall of roughly 60,000 vehicles globally, where the direct adaptive steering system could malfunction due to a software glitch [45355].
References 1. Infiniti spokesman Stefan Weinmann [Article 45355] 2. Infiniti chief Roland Krueger [Article 45355] 3. U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration [Article 45355] 4. China's safety watchdog [Article 45355]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring one_organization, multiple_organization (a) The software failure incident related to the steering system malfunction in the Infiniti Q50 sedan has happened again within the same organization. The article mentions that this isn't the Q50's first issue with the direct adaptive steering system. Previously, Infiniti had recalled 2014 model year Q50s due to the electric steering system being disabled at freezing temperatures [45355]. (b) The software failure incident related to the steering system malfunction in the Infiniti Q50 sedan has also happened at multiple organizations. The article mentions that the recall will affect cars in all markets where the Q50 is sold, including China and North America. Additionally, the article highlights that the auto industry is racing to put self-driving cars on the road, indicating that similar incidents or challenges may be faced by other automakers working on autonomous driving technologies [45355].
Phase (Design/Operation) design (a) The software failure incident in the Infiniti Q50 luxury sedan was related to the design phase. The article mentions that the steering system's malfunction was caused by a software glitch that could lead to a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius. This glitch occurred just after starting the vehicle, indicating a design flaw in the system's software [45355]. (b) The software failure incident was not explicitly linked to the operation phase or misuse of the system in the provided article.
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system (a) within_system: The software failure incident related to the steering system malfunction in the Infiniti Q50 sedan was due to a software glitch within the system itself. The article mentions that the direct adaptive steering system could malfunction in certain rare circumstances just after starting the vehicle when a software glitch occurs, leading to a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius [45355]. (b) outside_system: The software failure incident was not attributed to contributing factors originating from outside the system in the articles provided.
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions (a) The software failure incident in this case was due to non-human actions, specifically a software glitch in the direct adaptive steering system of the Infiniti Q50 sedan. The malfunction could occur in certain rare circumstances just after starting the vehicle, leading to a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius. This glitch was not introduced by human actions but was a result of the software itself [45355]. (b) There is no information in the provided article indicating that the software failure incident was due to contributing factors introduced by human actions.
Dimension (Hardware/Software) hardware, software (a) The software failure incident in the article is related to hardware. The article mentions that the steering system key to the Q50 sedan's autonomous driving capabilities could malfunction due to a software glitch, leading to a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius. This issue is attributed to the direct adaptive steering system in the vehicle, indicating a hardware-related problem [45355]. (b) The software failure incident is also related to software. The article specifically states that the malfunction in the steering system is caused by a software glitch that occurs just after starting the vehicle. This software glitch can impact the steering responsiveness and turning radius, highlighting a software-related contributing factor to the failure incident [45355].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) non-malicious (a) The software failure incident related to the Infiniti Q50 steering system was non-malicious. The failure was attributed to a software glitch that could lead to a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius, particularly in certain rare circumstances just after starting the vehicle. This glitch was not introduced with the intent to harm the system but was a technical issue that affected the autonomous driving capabilities of the vehicle [45355].
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) accidental_decisions (a) The software failure incident related to the Infiniti Q50's steering system malfunction was not explicitly attributed to poor decisions in the articles. The incident was described as a result of a software glitch that could lead to a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius, particularly just after starting the vehicle. The focus was more on the technical aspect of the malfunction rather than poor decisions. (b) The software failure incident related to the Infiniti Q50's steering system malfunction was primarily attributed to accidental decisions or mistakes. The article mentioned that the direct adaptive steering system could malfunction in certain rare circumstances due to a software glitch, leading to issues with steering responsiveness and turning radius. This indicates that the failure was more likely a result of unintended consequences or mistakes rather than poor decisions.
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) development_incompetence, accidental (a) The software failure incident related to development incompetence is evident in the article as it mentions a software glitch in the direct adaptive steering system of the Infiniti Q50 sedan. The malfunction could occur "just after starting the vehicle" due to a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius caused by the software glitch [45355]. (b) The software failure incident related to accidental factors is also highlighted in the article. It mentions that the electric steering system of the 2014 model year Q50s could be disabled at freezing temperatures, indicating an accidental failure scenario [45355].
Duration temporary The software failure incident related to the steering system malfunction in the Infiniti Q50 sedan can be categorized as a temporary failure. The article mentions that the malfunction occurs "in certain rare circumstances, just after starting the vehicle" due to a software glitch, leading to a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius [45355]. This indicates that the failure is not permanent but occurs under specific conditions, making it a temporary issue.
Behaviour crash, omission, timing, value, other (a) crash: The software glitch in the direct adaptive steering system of the Infiniti Q50 could lead to a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius, potentially causing the system to crash and not perform its intended functions [45355]. (b) omission: The software glitch in the steering system could result in the system omitting to perform its intended functions, particularly just after starting the vehicle, which could lead to a lack of steering responsiveness [45355]. (c) timing: The software glitch could cause the steering system to malfunction in certain rare circumstances, just after starting the vehicle, indicating a timing issue where the system may perform its intended functions but at the wrong time [45355]. (d) value: The software glitch could lead to the steering system performing its intended functions incorrectly, resulting in a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius, which could be considered a value-related failure [45355]. (e) byzantine: The article does not specifically mention the steering system exhibiting inconsistent responses or interactions that would classify as a byzantine failure. (f) other: The software glitch causing a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius could be considered a functional anomaly that does not fit precisely into the crash, omission, timing, or value categories, representing another type of behavior in the software failure incident [45355].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception embedded_software (a) The software failure incident in the article is related to the embedded software error. The article mentions that the steering system malfunction in the Infiniti Q50 sedan's autonomous driving capabilities was due to a software glitch that could lead to a lack of steering responsiveness and change in turning radius [45355]. This indicates that the failure was introduced by an error in the embedded software controlling the steering system.
Communication link_level The software failure incident reported in Article 45355 was related to the communication layer of the cyber physical system. The failure was specifically linked to the steering system of the Infiniti Q50 sedan, which is a key component of the autonomous driving capabilities of the vehicle. The malfunction was attributed to a software glitch that could lead to a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius, indicating a failure at the link_level of the cyber physical system. This issue could occur in certain rare circumstances just after starting the vehicle, highlighting a vulnerability in the communication layer of the system [45355].
Application TRUE The software failure incident described in the article [45355] was related to the application layer of the cyber physical system. The failure was specifically attributed to a software glitch in the direct adaptive steering system of the Infiniti Q50 sedan, which could lead to a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius under certain rare circumstances just after starting the vehicle. This aligns with the definition of an application layer failure as it involves a bug in the software affecting the steering functionality of the vehicle.

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence property The consequence of the software failure incident related to the Infiniti Q50 steering system malfunction was primarily categorized under the option: (d) property: People's material goods, money, or data was impacted due to the software failure. This is evident from the fact that the steering system malfunction could lead to a lack of steering responsiveness and a change in turning radius, potentially affecting the safety and usability of the vehicles [45355]. The recall of roughly 60,000 vehicles globally, including in markets like China and North America, was initiated to address this software glitch in the steering system, emphasizing the brand's commitment to safety [45355].
Domain transportation (a) The failed system in the article is related to the transportation industry as it specifically mentions the Infiniti Q50 sedan's autonomous driving capabilities being affected by a steering system malfunction [45355]. (g) The article also indirectly relates to the utilities industry as it mentions the autonomous driving capabilities of the Infiniti Q50 sedan, which is powered by a steering system that could malfunction due to a software glitch [45355]. (m) The failed system is not directly related to any other industry mentioned in the options provided.

Sources

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