Incident: Iran Claims to Have Hacked U.S. Stealth Drone's Mission-Control System

Published Date: 2012-04-24

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident of the hacked classified mission-control system of the U.S. stealth drone RQ-170 Sentinel happened in December 2010 as mentioned in the article [11366]. Therefore, the software failure incident happened in December 2010.
System 1. Classified mission-control system of the Lockheed Martin-built RQ-170 Sentinel spy drone [11366]
Responsible Organization 1. Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps engineers [11366]
Impacted Organization 1. The U.S. Pentagon and Lockheed Martin were impacted by the software failure incident reported in the article [11366].
Software Causes 1. The software cause of the failure incident reported in the article is the potential hacking into the classified mission-control system of the U.S. stealth drone RQ-170 Sentinel by Iran [11366].
Non-software Causes 1. The capture of the crashed U.S. stealth drone near the Iran-Afghanistan border by Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps [11366]. 2. Potential security vulnerabilities in the design or operation of the RQ-170 Sentinel spy drone, such as storing mission data onboard [11366]. 3. Malfunctions or crashes of drones in general, which could lead to data exposure or recovery by adversaries [11366].
Impacts 1. The software failure incident led to potential security concerns as Iran claimed to have hacked into the classified mission-control system of the U.S. stealth drone [11366]. 2. The incident raised doubts about the security measures and encryption of the drone's systems, highlighting a possible amateurish security vulnerability if the claims were true [11366]. 3. The credibility of Iran's claims and the authenticity of the recovered data were questioned, indicating a lack of trust in the information obtained through the alleged hack [11366].
Preventions 1. Implementing stronger encryption and security measures on the classified mission-control system of the RQ-170 Sentinel spy drone could have prevented the software failure incident [11366]. 2. Regularly updating and patching software vulnerabilities in the drone's systems could have reduced the risk of unauthorized access and data breaches [11366]. 3. Implementing a more robust data management system that does not store sensitive mission data onboard the drone could have mitigated the potential security vulnerability exploited by hackers [11366].
Fixes 1. Enhancing encryption and security measures in the software to prevent unauthorized access and hacking attempts [11366]. 2. Implementing regular software updates and patches to address any vulnerabilities that could be exploited by hackers [11366]. 3. Conducting thorough security audits and assessments of the software to identify and mitigate potential weaknesses [11366].
References 1. Gen. Amir Ali Hajizadeh, aerospace division chief for Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps [11366]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring one_organization (a) The software failure incident related to the hacking of the U.S. stealth drone's classified mission-control system by Iran raises concerns about the security vulnerability of the drone's software. The incident involves the potential unauthorized access to sensitive data stored on the drone's encrypted hard drive, indicating a breach in the software security of the system [11366]. This incident highlights the importance of robust cybersecurity measures to prevent unauthorized access to critical systems and data. (b) The article does not provide specific information about similar incidents happening at other organizations or with their products and services. Therefore, it is unknown if similar software failure incidents have occurred at multiple organizations based on the provided article.
Phase (Design/Operation) design (a) The article mentions a potential software failure incident related to the design phase. The claim made by Iran about hacking into the classified mission-control system of the U.S. stealth drone RQ-170 Sentinel raises doubts among experts. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta and a Pentagon drone program manager question Iran's ability to achieve what they claim to have done, with the program manager calling it "complete bullshit" [11366]. (b) The article does not provide specific information about a software failure incident related to the operation phase.
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system, outside_system The software failure incident reported in the article involves claims by Iran that they hacked into the classified mission-control system of the U.S. stealth drone RQ-170 Sentinel [11366]. This incident can be analyzed as follows: (a) within_system: The article discusses the possibility of the RQ-170 Sentinel drone storing its mission data onboard, which could be a significant security vulnerability if true. This potential design flaw within the system could lead to the exposure of sensitive mission details to adversaries [11366]. (b) outside_system: On the other hand, there are doubts raised by Defense Secretary Leon Panetta and a Pentagon drone program manager regarding Iran's claims of hacking into the drone's system. They question Iran's actual ability to achieve such a hack, suggesting that the contributing factors for this incident may originate from outside the system, such as misinformation or propaganda by Iran [11366].
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions, human_actions (a) The software failure incident in this case is related to non-human actions, specifically the claim made by Iran that they hacked into the classified mission-control system of the U.S. stealth drone RQ-170 Sentinel [11366]. This incident is portrayed as a potential security vulnerability in the drone's system, allowing unauthorized access to sensitive data stored onboard the drone. (b) The articles also mention skepticism from Defense Secretary Leon Panetta and a Pentagon drone program manager regarding Iran's claim of hacking into the drone's system. The program manager even goes as far as calling Iran's claim "complete bullshit" [11366]. This skepticism highlights the human actions involved in assessing and responding to the reported software failure incident.
Dimension (Hardware/Software) hardware, software (a) The software failure incident related to hardware: - The article discusses the claim made by Iran that they hacked into the classified mission-control system of the U.S. stealth drone RQ-170 Sentinel [11366]. - Gen. Amir Ali Hajizadeh, aerospace division chief for Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps, claimed that his engineers gained access to the Sentinel's encrypted hard drive and recovered part of the data that had been erased [11366]. - The article mentions that if the RQ-170 drone indeed stores all its mission data onboard as claimed by Iran, it would indicate a significant security vulnerability in the hardware of the drone [11366]. (b) The software failure incident related to software: - The article highlights skepticism from Defense Secretary Leon Panetta and a Pentagon drone program manager regarding Iran's claim of hacking into the drone's system, with the program manager calling it "complete bullshit" [11366]. - The article questions the feasibility of the drone storing all its mission data onboard and suggests that if true, it would be an amateurish security vulnerability in the software of the drone [11366].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) malicious (a) The software failure incident described in the article is related to a malicious objective. Iran claims to have hacked into the classified mission-control system of the U.S. stealth drone they captured, the RQ-170 Sentinel spy drone. This hacking incident is seen as an attempt by Iran to reverse-engineer the drone and potentially produce homemade copies. The Defense Secretary and a Pentagon drone program manager expressed skepticism about Iran's claims, with the program manager calling it "complete bullshit" and questioning the feasibility of the claimed actions. The incident involves unauthorized access to sensitive data and systems with the intent to gain intelligence and potentially replicate the technology [11366].
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) poor_decisions (a) The intent of the software failure incident related to poor decisions can be inferred from the article. The incident involves Iran claiming to have hacked into the classified mission-control system of the U.S. stealth drone RQ-170 Sentinel. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta and a Pentagon drone program manager expressed skepticism about Iran's claims, with the program manager even calling it "complete bullshit." The article highlights Iran's history of faking major weapons developments, casting doubt on the credibility of their hacking claims. This suggests that the software failure incident may be driven by poor decisions or deceptive actions on Iran's part [11366]. (b) The intent of the software failure incident related to accidental decisions is not explicitly mentioned in the article. The focus is more on the skepticism surrounding Iran's hacking claims and the potential implications of such claims if they were true. Therefore, based on the information provided, it is more aligned with the poor decisions aspect rather than accidental decisions [11366].
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) development_incompetence, accidental (a) The article discusses the possibility of development incompetence in the software failure incident related to the hacked U.S. stealth drone. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta and a Pentagon drone program manager expressed skepticism about Iran's claims of hacking into the drone's classified mission-control system, with the program manager calling it "complete bullshit" and Panetta questioning Iran's ability to achieve what they claimed. This skepticism suggests doubts about Iran's technical capabilities and competence in reverse-engineering the drone's software [11366]. (b) The article also hints at the possibility of accidental factors contributing to the software failure incident. The Pentagon program manager questions how the drone could have known it was sent to California and raises concerns about the drone storing mission data onboard, which could pose a significant security vulnerability if true. This raises the possibility of accidental oversights or vulnerabilities in the drone's software design or implementation that could have led to the data breach [11366].
Duration temporary The software failure incident described in the articles is more likely to be temporary rather than permanent. The incident involves Iran claiming to have hacked into the classified mission-control system of the U.S. stealth drone RQ-170 Sentinel and accessing data from its encrypted hard drive. This temporary failure is attributed to specific circumstances, such as potential vulnerabilities in the drone's security measures or the possibility of Iran obtaining information through other means rather than a permanent failure introduced by all circumstances [11366].
Behaviour crash, byzantine, other (a) crash: The article mentions that drones can malfunction and crash, which could lead to a failure due to the system losing state and not performing its intended functions [11366]. (b) omission: There is no specific mention of the system omitting to perform its intended functions at an instance(s) in the article. (c) timing: The article discusses the timing of the drone's missions and maintenance, indicating that the system performed its intended functions at specific times (e.g., maintenance in California before deploying to Afghanistan) [11366]. (d) value: There is no specific mention of the system performing its intended functions incorrectly in the article. (e) byzantine: The behavior of the system in terms of storing mission data onboard and the claims made by Iran about accessing the encrypted hard drive can be considered as a form of byzantine behavior, with inconsistent responses and interactions [11366]. (f) other: The behavior of the system in terms of potential security vulnerabilities, amateurish design choices, and the possibility of adversaries recovering sensitive data from the drone can be considered as "other" behavior not fitting into the defined categories [11366].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception None None
Communication None None
Application None None

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence unknown (a) death: People lost their lives due to the software failure - There is no mention of people losing their lives due to the software failure incident in the provided article [11366].
Domain knowledge, government (a) The failed system in the incident was related to the defense industry, specifically involving a U.S. stealth drone captured by Iran and the subsequent claims of hacking into its classified mission-control system [Article 11366].

Sources

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