Incident: Hello Kitty Fans' Personal Information Exposed Due to Database Misconfiguration

Published Date: 2015-12-21

Postmortem Analysis
Timeline 1. The software failure incident where more than three million accounts of Hello Kitty fans were left vulnerable to theft by hackers happened in December 2015 [57308].
System 1. SanrioTown.com website [57308]
Responsible Organization 1. Sanrio Digital, the Hong Kong-based company hosting the data, was responsible for causing the software failure incident by leaving the accounts of Hello Kitty fans vulnerable to theft by hackers [57308].
Impacted Organization 1. Hello Kitty fans with accounts on the SanrioTown.com website were impacted by the software failure incident [57308].
Software Causes 1. The software cause of the failure incident was a simple misconfiguration of a database, leaving it open to public access without a password or authentication [57308].
Non-software Causes 1. Lack of proper age verification system: The company technically didn't allow minors to sign up but relied on an honor system, allowing those younger than 13 to register by lying about their age [57308]. 2. Simple misconfiguration of a database: The vulnerability was due to a misconfiguration of a database, leaving it open to public access without a password or authentication [57308].
Impacts 1. The software failure incident left more than three million Hello Kitty fans' accounts vulnerable to theft by hackers, exposing personal information such as names, ages, and genders [57308]. 2. The incident raised concerns about the security of user data on the SanrioTown.com website, a community for Hello Kitty fans, as the database had been exposed for nearly a month, allowing potential unauthorized access [57308]. 3. Despite the vulnerability, the company stated that there was no evidence of any personal information being stolen, and sensitive data like credit card details were not included in the exposed information [57308]. 4. The incident highlighted the risks associated with simple misconfigurations in databases, as the security researcher who discovered the vulnerability emphasized that it was a result of a basic misconfiguration that left the database open to public access without proper authentication [57308].
Preventions 1. Implementing proper access controls and authentication mechanisms to ensure that sensitive databases are not left open to public access without a password or authentication [57308]. 2. Conducting regular security audits and vulnerability assessments to proactively identify and address any potential weaknesses in the system [57308]. 3. Enforcing stricter age verification processes to prevent minors from signing up on the platform by lying about their age [57308].
Fixes 1. The software failure incident could be fixed by plugging the holes found in the servers where the database was exposed, ensuring that personal information is no longer accessible to unauthorized users [57308].
References 1. Security researcher Chris Vickery [57308]

Software Taxonomy of Faults

Category Option Rationale
Recurring one_organization, multiple_organization (a) The software failure incident related to data vulnerability affecting Hello Kitty fans' accounts occurred at Sanrio Digital, which is part-owned by Sanrio Co Ltd, the Japanese owner of the Hello Kitty brand. This incident is similar to a previous breach that happened at another Hong Kong company, electronic toymaker VTech Holdings Ltd, where millions of records of parents and children were compromised [57308]. (b) The article mentions that the breach at Sanrio Digital follows a previous breach at VTech Holdings Ltd, indicating that similar incidents have occurred at different organizations. Additionally, the article highlights that security researcher Chris Vickery has found thousands of similar vulnerabilities by searching an online database of connected devices, suggesting that such incidents are not isolated to a single organization [57308].
Phase (Design/Operation) design, operation (a) The software failure incident related to design can be attributed to a simple misconfiguration of a database, leaving it open to public access without a password or authentication. This vulnerability was discovered by security researcher Chris Vickery, who found the holes in three servers hosting the data of Hello Kitty fans [57308]. (b) The software failure incident related to operation can be seen in the fact that the database containing personal information of Hello Kitty fans was exposed for nearly a month, allowing anyone who knew its internet address to access it. This indicates a failure in the operation or maintenance of the system, as the vulnerability persisted for an extended period before being fixed [57308].
Boundary (Internal/External) within_system (a) The software failure incident related to the Hello Kitty fans' accounts being left vulnerable to theft by hackers was primarily within the system. The vulnerability was due to a simple misconfiguration of a database, leaving it open to public access without a password or authentication [57308]. This indicates that the contributing factors that led to the failure originated from within the system itself.
Nature (Human/Non-human) non-human_actions, human_actions (a) The software failure incident in the article was primarily due to non-human actions. The vulnerability that exposed the personal information of Hello Kitty fans was caused by a simple misconfiguration of a database, leaving it open to public access without a password or authentication. Security researcher Chris Vickery discovered the vulnerability and notified the company, which then fixed the issue. The database had been exposed for nearly a month, allowing potential access to anyone who knew its internet address [57308]. (b) However, human actions also played a role in this incident. The company mentioned that they technically didn't allow minors to sign up, but this policy was implemented through an honor system, meaning that those younger than 13 could register by lying about their age. This human factor contributed to the vulnerability as minors could potentially access the platform by providing false information [57308].
Dimension (Hardware/Software) hardware, software (a) The software failure incident related to hardware: - The incident involving the Hello Kitty fans' accounts being left vulnerable to theft by hackers was primarily due to a simple misconfiguration of a database, leaving it open to public access without a password or authentication [57308]. (b) The software failure incident related to software: - The vulnerability in the Hello Kitty site was a result of a simple misconfiguration of a database, indicating a software-related issue in the system's setup [57308].
Objective (Malicious/Non-malicious) malicious (a) The software failure incident in this case was malicious. Hackers were able to exploit a vulnerability in the Sanrio Digital-hosted site, leaving over three million Hello Kitty fans' accounts vulnerable to theft. The security researcher, Chris Vickery, discovered the vulnerability and highlighted that personal information of users was accessible due to a simple misconfiguration of the database, allowing unauthorized access without the need for a password or authentication. The incident involved potential theft of personal information, indicating malicious intent to exploit the system [57308]. (b) The incident does not involve non-malicious factors as the vulnerability was a result of a deliberate misconfiguration of the database, making it easy for bad actors to access the data. There is no indication of accidental or unintentional factors contributing to the software failure incident reported in the articles [57308].
Intent (Poor/Accidental Decisions) poor_decisions (a) The software failure incident related to the Hello Kitty fans' accounts being left vulnerable to theft by hackers was primarily due to poor decisions. The incident occurred because of a simple misconfiguration of a database, leaving it open to public access without a password or authentication. This misconfiguration was a result of poor decision-making in managing the security of the database, making it extremely easy for hackers to access the data [57308].
Capability (Incompetence/Accidental) development_incompetence, accidental (a) The software failure incident related to development incompetence is evident in the article as it mentions that the vulnerability in the Hello Kitty website was due to a simple misconfiguration of a database, leaving it open to public access without a password or authentication. This misconfiguration was a result of a lack of professional competence in securing the database properly [57308]. (b) The software failure incident related to accidental factors is also present in the article. The exposure of the database containing personal information of Hello Kitty fans was accidental, as it was not intended by the company hosting the data. The vulnerability was discovered by a security researcher, Chris Vickery, who stumbled upon the exposed database, indicating an accidental discovery of the issue [57308].
Duration temporary (a) The software failure incident in the article was temporary. The vulnerability in the Sanrio Digital-hosted site, exposing the personal information of Hello Kitty fans, was fixed after being notified by security researcher Chris Vickery. The spokesman mentioned that the database had been exposed for nearly a month, but the company had plugged the holes found by Vickery in three servers. Additionally, the spokesman stated that passwords were securely encrypted, and there was no indication that any personal information was stolen [57308].
Behaviour omission, value, other (a) crash: The incident described in the article does not involve a crash where the system loses state and stops performing its intended functions. The vulnerability in the Hello Kitty website allowed unauthorized access to user data, but the system did not crash or stop functioning completely [57308]. (b) omission: The software failure incident can be categorized under omission as the system omitted to perform its intended function of securing user data. The vulnerability in the system allowed unauthorized access to personal information of Hello Kitty fans, indicating a failure in protecting user data [57308]. (c) timing: The timing of the software failure incident is not related to the system performing its intended functions too late or too early. Instead, the vulnerability in the system allowed unauthorized access to user data for nearly a month, indicating a continuous exposure rather than a timing issue [57308]. (d) value: The software failure incident can be categorized under the value as the system failed to perform its intended functions correctly. The vulnerability in the system led to the exposure of personal information of 3.3 million accounts, including names, ages, and gender of users, indicating a failure in protecting sensitive data [57308]. (e) byzantine: The software failure incident does not exhibit a byzantine behavior where the system behaves erroneously with inconsistent responses and interactions. The vulnerability in the Hello Kitty website allowed straightforward unauthorized access to the database without the need for complex interactions or inconsistent responses [57308]. (f) other: The software failure incident can be categorized under the "other" behavior as it involved a simple misconfiguration of a database, leaving it open to public access without a password or authentication. This type of failure is related to a lack of proper security measures rather than a specific behavior like crash, omission, timing, or byzantine behavior [57308].

IoT System Layer

Layer Option Rationale
Perception None None
Communication None None
Application None None

Other Details

Category Option Rationale
Consequence property (d) property: People's material goods, money, or data was impacted due to the software failure The software failure incident involving the Hello Kitty fans' accounts being left vulnerable to theft by hackers resulted in the exposure of personal information of users, including names, ages, and gender. The incident affected 3.3 million accounts on the SanrioTown.com website, a community for fans of Hello Kitty. However, the company stated that no credit card or payment information was included in the vulnerable data, and passwords were securely encrypted. The breach was due to a simple misconfiguration of a database, leaving it open to public access without a password or authentication [57308].
Domain entertainment (a) The failed system was related to the entertainment industry. The incident involved the SanrioTown.com website, which is a community for fans of Hello Kitty, a popular character in the entertainment sector [57308].

Sources

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